Experimental Research On The Joint Application Of Oil Dispersant And Particulate Matter In Coastal Oil Spill Removal

In recent years,the oil spill in ocean has being a serious threat to the marine environment and coastal areas.In the field cleanup of oil spill and laboratory observations,people find the the existence of Oil-Suspended Particulate Matter Aggregates,OSA.OSA is the formation of an effect between polar hydrocarbons in oil and particles under ion conditions,the morphology of particles is generally that oil droplets which are coated by particles at nanometer level.The formation of OSA promotes the dispersion of oil droplets,increasing the contact area between oil droplets and oil reducing microorganisms,which are more conducive to the removal of oil spills.The experiment selected the natural sediments of the intertidal zone of Jiaozhou bay as 3#,kaolin,bentonite and diatomite,three different kinds of crude oil and seawater from Tangdao bay as the reaction medium.A laboratory batch simulation test was conducted to study the characteristics of OSA formation when oil spill and oil particles were combined to remove oil spills.The experiment researched and analyzed the influence of particle type,particle concentration,temperature and salinity on the Oil removal efficiency of OSA,filter and modified particles,investigated the influence of different dispersants on the viscosity,oil/water interfacial tension and emulsification rate of different oils,reasearched the effect of the application of dispersant on the formation characteristics of OSA,including the Oil removal efficiency of OSA,the chemical composition in OSA and the structure characteristics of OSA.The results showed that different types of particles have different efficiency of Oil removal.The Oil removal efficiency of OSA of kaolin is 57% under the condition of 25℃,180r/min and reciprocating oscillation for 4h.For the same particles,the Oil removal efficiency of OSA increased with the increasing of particle concentration at a certain grain size;The Oil removal efficiency of OSA increasd with the temperature rising;The interaction between particles and oil droplets are promoted with the salinity increasing;The oil removal efficiency of OSA was increased after the organic modification of different particles and the oil removal efficiency of DMSO-kaolin-OSA reached 70.17%.The experimental results show that the oil removal efficiency of OSA is significantly increased after combined application with oil dispersant.The oil removal efficiency of DMSO-kaolin-OSA reaches 85.83% when the DOR is 0.25.With the application of oil dispersant,the increasing of DOR and the organic modification of particles,the binding rate of particulate matter to heavy alkane and aromatic hydrocarbon components in oil increases.The experimental results show that the total amount of oil drops in OSA increases,the oil droplets tend to elongate and the average particle size of OSA decreases when the temperature increases,salinity increases and oil dispersant is applied.The joint application of oil dispersant and particulate matter can enhance the removal of coastal oil spill.