Wavelength Conversion In Photonic Crystal Cavity

Photonic crystals(PCs)are consist of periodicdielectric,metallicdielectricorevensuper conductormicrostructures omanostructureswhich have an affecton theelectromagnetic wavepr opagation by defining allowed and forbidden electronicenergy bands.Photonic crystals contai n repeating regions of high and lowdielectric constant.Photons either propagate through this structure or not,depending on their wavelength.Disallowed bands ofwavelengthsare calledph otonicband gaps.Anoptical cavity confines light at resonance frequencies and can therefore al so be referred as an optical resonator.Optical resonators are characterized by two key parame ters reflecting their ability to confine the optical energy temporally and spatially:the formeris quantified by the quality factor Q and the latter by the modevolume V.It is possible to dyna mically change the wavelength of photons captured in a cavity by rapidly changing the cavity's resonance wavelength.This process is called adiabatic wavelength conversion.In the adiabat ic conversion process,the photon number does not change,and a certain amount of energy is directly given to or taken from each photon.Applications such asthin-film optics,low and hig h reflection coatings on lenses and mirrors tocolor changing paintsandinks,photonic-crystal fi bers,the three-dimensional counterparts are still far from commercialization but may offer ad ditional features such asoptical nonlinearityrequired for the operation of optical transistors us ed inoptical computers.This dissertation work aims at both developing highly nonlinear optical wavelength converter and demonstrating via cavity timing through different types of material(silicon,GaAs and Germanium).And covers illustration of three-dimensional woodpile photonic crystal and its band structure comparison,photonic crystal wavelength converter and its design,device characterization and system work.We demonstrate that the wavelength conversion of light through the simple dynamic refractive index tuning of a photonic crystal cavity.Our results indicate that this wavelength conversion process can be noticed in clear eye for various cavities.