Integrated Production And Transportation Planning For Supply Chains Based On Data Envelopment Analysis

Resources are always scarce,and any organization wants to get as much output as possible with as little input as possible,or to accomplish established production goals with the lowest possible cost.Therefore,the production planning of production activities plays a vital role in the good operation of organizations such as factories and supply chains.In recent years,some scholars have introduced data envelopment analysis methods into the study of production planning problems.Existing research on production planning problems based on data envelopment analysis methods regard the production system as a "black box",thereby ignoring the internal structure of the production system.In addition,previous research on production planning implicitly assumes that the market demand can be met immediately after the product is produced,that is,transportation costs affected by factors such as time and distance are ignored.However,we are very clear that due to the existence of product transportation prices,the product transportation process needs to be considered in the production planning problem.In view of the above considerations,we first formulate a two-stage production planning method for a two-stage supply chain system under a centralized decision-making environment,so that we can provide an optimal production planning for the two-stage supply chain system in the next production season.Then we further consider the transportation problem of the final product of the two-stage supply chain system,and develop an integrated production and transportation planning method for the two-stage supply chain system under the centralized decision environment,so that we can provide an optimal integrated production and transportation planning for the two-stage supply chain system in the next production season.In addition,we also consider the two types of transportation problems of intermediate measures in the two-stage supply chain system:one type is the internal transportation of the intermediate measures,that is,the two-stage intermediate measures can be transported within the two stages;the other type is the external transportation of intermediate measures,that is,the two-stage intermediate measures can be transported to the outside world as the final product to meet market demand.Based on these two points,we propose an integrated two-stage production and transportation planning model that considers internal and external transportation of intermediate measures for the two-stage supply chain system.Thus,the system can be provided with an integrated production and transportation planning considering the transportation of intermediate measures in the next production season.We further prove that the integrated production and transportation planning model of two-stage supply chain system proposed in this paper can greatly reduce the total cost of the system,and the planned decision making unit can achieve efficiency of one.By considering the internal transportation problem of intermediate measures,we draw the conclusion that considering the internal transportation process of intermediate measures will not at least increase the total cost of the system.When the internal transportation cost of the intermediate measures between different decision making units is much smaller than the corresponding external transportation cost of the final product,we consider the internal transportation process of the intermediate measures of the decision making units,which can greatly reduce the total cost of the system.Finally,the proposed model in this research is illustrated by numerical examples,and it is verified that all the new production plans mentioned above will make decision making units achieve efficiency of one,and the new production planning greatly reduces the total cost of the two-stage supply chain system.