| This paper studied the dispersion behavior of Grey Heron chicks with satellite tracking technology in the Taihu National Wetland Park,Heilongjiang Province,compared and analyzed the environmental factors of breeding habitats,dispersion habitats,migration stopover habitats and overwintering habitats of Grey Heron chicks,the main environmental factors for the habitats of Grey Heron chicks were discussed by Principal Component Analysis(PCA)method.The main research contents were as follows:In June 2018,five Grey Heron chicks(NEFU-01～NEFU-05)were ringed by GPS/GSM-birds tracker in Taihu National Wetland Park,finally got two chicks(NEFU-03,NEFU-04)and analysed the activity distance,activity area,flight speed,flight height,activity zone in different stages of dispersion period.The results showed that the activity area and ability of Grey Heron chicks increased with the increase of age.During the middle period of dispersion,their physical strength and flight ability were basically similar to that of adult,and they had the ability of long-distance flight,and their flight speed and flight height were also increasing.During the later period of dispersion,Grey Heron chicks’s daily activity regularity was that they went out and looked for the feeding place at sunrise and returned to the feeding place before sunset.In the habitat,there were few long-distance and high-speed flights.In this study,it was also found that Grey Heron chicks had signs of activity every hour when they rested in the night habitat.The activity distance was less than 30 m,and they rarely stayed still within an hour.From June to December of the same year,the habitat selection of Grey Herons in breeding habitats,dispersion habitast,migration stopover and overwintering habitats were observed.The results showed that Grey Herons mainly choosed reeds swamp wetlands for habitats,and the food was mainly fish and frogs,the height of dominant vegetation was 50cm～220cm.The vegetation coverage was more than 50%,and the water area occupied 50%～100%of the migration stopover habitats.The water quality was better,and the water depth was 10cm～30cm,and the transparency of water body was 10cm～3 0cm.The intensity of human interference in Grey Herons habitat was low,and the interference distance was 100m～700m.SPSS software was used to analyze seven important environmental factors,including vegetation density,dominant vegetation height,vegetation coverage,food abundance,water depth,transparency of water body and human interference distance.The results showed that the main load factors of Grey Herons breeding were vegetation coverage,height of dominant species and food abundance,the larger load factors of dispersion habitat were vegetation coverage and food abundance,the larger load factors of stopover habitats were depth of water body,food abundance and human disturbance distance,and the largest load factors of overwintering migration had three factors,namely human disturbance distance food abundance and vegetation coverage.So we saw that there were some differences in the main environmental factors of Grey Herons in different periods.In a word,Grey Herons had higher requirements for food abundance,vegetation factors,water environment factors and human disturbance factors.According to the comprehensive ranking of four habitats,the breeding habitat was the most suitable one for Grey Heron,followed by the dispersion habitat,and then the overwintering habitats,while the habitats conditions of the migration stopover were poor.Therefore,the most strict habitat for Grey Herons was the habitats where heron chicks grew and developed(breeding habitats and dispersion habitats),followed by the overwintering habitats,and the habitat conditions of the migration stopover habitats could be appropriately relaxed.This study provided a reference for the conservation of Grey Heron population. |
PDF Full Text Request