The Mass And Decay Properties Of Nuclei Were Studied Based On Macroscopic And Microscopic Methods

The nature of new nuclides is one of the long-term concerns of nuclear physicists.It in-cludes the mass,decay pattern and half-life of new nuclides.The mass of the nucleus is the most basic physical property of the nucleus.As a basic input in the study of nuclear physics,due to the limitations of experimental measurements,the nuclei whose masses we have measured so far only account for a small part of the nuclide map,so accurate theoretical predictions are necessary.As a part of the study of new nuclides,the superheavy nuclei have always been our concern,but the experimental understanding of superheavy nuclei is very limited.In this pa-per,the mass formula of nucleus,decay mode and half-life of superheavy nucleus are studied theoretically.In order to explore the decay properties of superrenonuclides,the macroscopic and mi-croscopic methods were used,three phenomenal formulas for calculating the?decay of atom-ic nuclei were re-fitted,and the results of the?decay of heavy and superheavy nuclei were emphatically studied.It was found that the UDL formula could better describe the?decay of atomic nuclei with only four parameters.Then the unified fission model and the extended droplet model were used to verify the same data,and it was found that the extended droplet model containing the preforming factor was better.Therefore,in order to predict the decay pat-terns of unsynthesized superheavy nuclei,the UDL formula and the generalized droplet model containing preforming factors were used to calculate the?decay half-life of the decay.Another major decay mode of superheavy nuclei is spontaneous fission.We generalized the Swiatecki formula,which includes shell effect and isotopic effect.We used experimental data to fit and compared the fitting results with other formulas,and found that our formula could better describe the half-life of spontaneous fission.Therefore,we use the generalized Swiatecki formula to predict the half-life of spontaneous fission in superheavy nuclei.Based on the above discussion,the main decay patterns of superheavy nuclei that have not yet been synthesized are explored.As an input to the study of decay,nuclear mass needs to be described as precisely as possible.At present,the main methods to study atomic mass are macroscopic and microscopic models.At present,macroscopic and microscopic models mainly calculate the macroscopic and microscopic parts separately and then add them directly.However,there is no direct correlation between the macroscopic and microscopic parts,which is also a major problem that has been criticized by people at present.Based on a macroscopic and microscopic model,this paper explores the method of asso-ciating macroscopic and microscopic parts,and minimizes model parameters.Finally,we corre-lated the isospin asymmetry of the potential depth of the micro part with the symmetry energy coefficient of the macro part.In the case of only 11 parameters,the root-mean-square deviation fitted according to the latest mass table AME2016 was 0.447MeV.We also tried to de-correlate and found that the Root mean square deviation(RMS)deviation was increase 0.465MeV,and with three additional parameters.Later,we verified the rationality of the model from four per-spectives:model extrapolation ability,magic number position,shell gap and order decay ener-gy of superheavy nucleus,and found that our model had good extrapolation ability and magic number position was consistent with the experiment,and the calculation result of Q_?was also good.Therefore,it can be considered that the establishment of this correlation is reasonable and effective,can reduce model parameters,and ensure the advantages of the calculated results.