The Role Of Oct4 And Sall4 Genes In Mouse Somatic Reprogramming

Induced pluripotent stem cell technology refers to the technology of transforming differentiated somatic cells into pluripotent stem cells by overexpression of several key transcription factors in the differentiated somatic cells at the same time.The pluripotent cells obtained by this technique are called induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs).It has been found that the combination of transcription factors can transform mouse fibroblasts into induced pluripotent stem cells.The combinations of these transcription factors include OSK system(Oct4,Sox2,Klf4)proposed by Yamanaka et al.,SNEL system(Sall4,Nanog,Esrrb,Lin28)proposed by Buganim et al.,KISLG system(kdm2b,Id1,Sall4,lrh1 and Glis1)proposed by Liu et al.,and 7F system(Jdp2,kdm2 b,Mkk6,Nanog,Esrrb,Glis1,Sall4)proposed by Wang et al.In these systems,we found that the transcription factors Oct4 and Sall4 are indispensable,indicating that these two factors play a key role in reprogramming.Oct4 plays an important role in maintaining pluripotency and self-renewal of embryonic stem cells.The expression of Oct4 is accompanied by the pluripotency of embryonic cells.Sall4,like Oct4,plays an important role in the proliferation and pluripotency maintenance of embryonic stem cells.In the process of embryo development,Sall4 regulates the expression of Oct4 and maintains the expression of Oct4 in the inner cell mass.At present,the research on the role of Sall4 and Oct4 in reprogramming and their relationship in reprogramming is still scarce.We designed experiments based on 7F reprogramming system and OSK reprogramming system to study the effect of these two genes on reprogramming.Finally,it is found that Sall4 and Oct4 can replace each other in reprogramming under specific conditions,and the efficiency of reprogramming can be improved by the interaction of two genes.Sall4 promoted the expression of pluripotent genes and activated the expression of Cecr2 gene in the early stage of reprogramming.Whether different reprogramming systems adopt the same way of reprogramming has always been a important scientific issue.By collecting and analyzing the high-throughput sequencing data of three different reprogramming systems,we found that different reprogramming systems have the same data characteristics in the direction of reprogramming and different data characteristics in the direction of non reprogramming.The comparative study of Sall4 and Oct4 genes and different reprogramming systems can deepen the understanding of cell fate transformation.It also provides some help to solve the problem of low efficiency and quality of reprogramming induced pluripotent stem cells,and lays a foundation for the application of induced pluripotent stem cells in the future.