Studies On Macrofungi Diversity Of Shuanghe National Nature Reserve In Heilongjiang Province

The species diversity of macrofungi in Shuanghe national nature reserve of Heilongjiang province was investigated,the differences of macrofungi between different plant communities in the reserve and flora diversity were studied.It fills a gap in the survey of macrofungi in the reserve,and it provides a basis for the development and utilization of fungus resources in this area.The authors conducted surveys in shuanghe nature reserve from May to October in 2018 and 2019 and we collected more than 600 specimens.The combination of traditional taxonomy and molecular biology was applied to assisted identification.A total of 150 species was obtained,belonging to 2 phyla,3 classes,10 orders,38 families,81 genus.Among them 5 species in 2 classes,3 orders,5 families,5 genera belong to Ascomycota;145 species in 1 class,7 orders,33 families,76 genera belong to Basidiomycota.These inculde 57 medicinal fungi,64 edible fungi,19 toxic fungi and inculde 1 new species(Atractosporocybe rubrotincta),4 new records of China(Inocybe sublilacina?Calocybe ionides?Ossicaulis lachnopus?Clitocybe subditopoda),20 new records of Heilongjiang Province.41 species of wild macrofungi strains were collected by us.there are 3 dominant families in this area,including Polyporaceae,Tricholomataceae,Cortinariaceae;5 dominant genera were observed,including Cortinarius,Mycena,Gymnopus,Pluteus,Pholiota.To explore the relationship between macrofungi and plant community,The author selected five quadrats in Shuanghe nature reserve as research objects,including Populus davidiana forest(I),Picea asperata forest(II),Betula platyphylla forest(III),Larix gmelinii forest(IV),Coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest(?).Calculation and analysis by ? diversity index,and results show that the distribution of Macrofungi in the five quadrats was significantly different.Populus davidiana forest(I)and Picea asperata forest(II)had the highest species richness,Larix gmelinii forest(IV)had the lowest species richness.We chose different frozen soil regions,non-frozen soil regions the macrofungal floristic diversity with Shuanghe nature reserve.The results show that the similarity between Shuanghe nature reserve and permafrost area is high and compare the reserve with three European and American regions of the same latitude,the results show thatthe similarity between shuanghe nature reserve and Europe and America is low.By placing pluteus cervinus,p.hongoi,p.plautus and p.umbrosus in four common species in the double river nature reserve,the same species in parts of Europe,America and Russia were observed and compared.The analysis shows that the four common seed entities in the Shuanghe nature reserve are lighter in color,it may be due to the large differences in climate types and temperatures between regions.The differences of some bases in ITS amplified sequences were also found.It is speculated that this is the reason that affects some macro characteristics of the fruiting body.