Single-photon-transition Rydberg Excitation Of Cesium Atoms And Measurement Of The Quantum Defect Of Cesium NP_3/2 Rydberg States

Rydberg atoms,which are excited to the high excited states with large principal quantum number n,have a series of exotic properties such as its large size,narrow adjacent level internal,long lifetime,large polarizability and strong dipole-dipole interaction,etc.Due to the properties,Rydberg atoms not only can be used in the experiment for external electric field sensing,but also have a great significance for quantum logical gate and quantum repeater.With the single-photon excitation scheme,Rydberg atoms have an advantage compare to the multi-photon Rydberg excitation is that decoherence mechanics induced by the intermediate state was eliminate.Therefore the single-photon excitation becomes a suitable experimental scheme for the realization of Rydberg dressing state which have the properties of both the long lifetime for ground state and the strong interaction for Rydberg state.In order to research the single-photon high lying states excitation and its long time confinement,we demonstrate the relative works of which the theoretical calculation and the experiment for the Rydberg excitation in room temperature vapor cell and the magic wavelength optical dipole trap used to confine the Rydberg states based on our self-made ultraviolet lasersystem.Main contents for this thesis are as follows:1.We introduce the basic knowledge and exotic properties Rydberg atoms,and we also introduce the optical Rydberg excitation scheme and relative application prospect.2.We introduce the basic concept of quantum defect of Rydberg states and calculate a series of quantum defects for the transition of cesium 6S1/2ground to n P3/2(n=70-100)Rydberg states.Then realize the single-photon Rydberg excitation in room temperature vapor cell base on the calculated transition frequency of quantum defect theory,we also measure the quantum defect for the corresponding transition.3.We introduce the properties of optical dipole trap(ODT)and the magic wavelength is acquired with the calculation for corresponding polarizabilities of n P3/2 Rydberg states.We prepared a magneto-optical trap(MOT)for the confinement of Cs atoms,and we also measure the Stark spectrum induced by the interaction between the Cs Rydberg atoms and electric field.4.We construct the magic wavelength ODT for Cs atoms,and then construct a intensity stabilization system which used the Mach-Zehnder interferometer as actuator to reduce the power fluctuation,and the principal description is also given in the thesis.Then the stabilized consequence are evaluated and the restriction of laser power utilization and response bandwidth are also analyzed.The work have a great significance for the nextexperiments for the confinement and manipulation of Rydberg states.