Magnetic Properties Of In₂O₃ Nanoparticles Doped With Rare Earth

With the continuous progress and development of society,semiconductor magnetic materials have immeasurable research value.Recent developments in the field of room-temperature（RT）ferromagnetism of spin electronic materials have led to a renewed interest in controlling spin and charge simultaneously.Dilute magnetic oxides,such as In₂O₃,SnO₂,and ZnO is such the spin electronic materials and has been attracting a lot of interest in its potential applications,including magnetic,optical,and electronic devices.Therefore,it has a lot of applications in real life.It is widely not only used in the automotive,aerospace industry,and medical,but also electronics,computers,and information technology.The Diluted magnetic semiconductor is such an emerging material that can have both semiconductor and magnetic properties and exhibit many excellent properties,such as magnetism,magneto-optic,simultaneously.Hence,excellent characteristics promote the investigative passion of people.Based on the computational theory,Dietl predicted the room-temperature ferromagnetism of the materials.So far,oxide-based diluted magnetic semiconductors have become important research objects for researchers in theory and experiments.The main research method is doping transition metal ions.Meanwhile,doping technology is the most intuitive way to change the physical properties of materials.It is well known that the rare earth element has its unique 4f orbital electronic structure,which can enter the crystal lattice by replacing the cation in the host matrix,after that,the physical properties,such as optical magnetism of the host matrix,can be adjusted after being incorporated.As a result,most researchers believe that it is an ideal admixture.In our work,the In₂O₃ nanoparticles were used as the experimental research substrate and doped with various concentrations elements of Dy³⁺and Ce³⁺,simultaneously,which makes it possible to prepare In₂O₃:Dy and In₂O₃:Ce dilute magnetic semiconductor nanoparticle materials with room-temperature ferromagnetism.In the meantime,we investigated that the effects of the concentration of doped Dy³⁺and Ce³⁺ions on the magnetic and optical properties of the samples.The main content of this paper:1.Three different doped In₂O₃:Dy nanoparticles were synthesized.The Dy³⁺ions replace In³⁺ions and enter the In₂O₃ lattice,resulting in lattice distortion.The increasing of concentration about defect states in the lattice by Dy³⁺ions doping,which affects the luminous intensity.All samples have room-temperature ferromagnetic properties.The maximum saturation magnetization of dilute magnetic semiconductor nanoparticles about In₂O₃:Dy is 0.02133 emu/g.According to theoretical calculations,the magnetic properties of In₂O₃:Dy nanoparticles originate from the d,f orbit of the Dy atom and p orbit of the O atom.2.Three different doped concentration In₂O₃:Ce nanoparticles were synthesized.The Ce³⁺ions replace In³⁺ions and enter the In₂O₃ lattice,increasing the concentration of defect states in the lattice,which results in lattice distortion and affects the luminous intensity.The samples have room-temperature ferromagnetic properties.The maximum saturation magnetization value of In₂O₃:Ce nanoparticles is 0.02022 emu/g.According to theoretical calculations,the magnetic properties of In₂O₃:Ce nanoparticles originate from the 4f orbit of the Ce atom.