Design And Analysis Of Quantum Key Agreement Protocols

Quantum cryptography is a new field,which is the combination of classical cryptography and quantum mechanics.Some characteristics of quantum mechanics threaten the security of classical cryptography which is based on mathematical problems and computational complexity.In recent years,quantum cryptography has attracted the attention of many scholars.It has many branches,such as quantum key distribution,quantum secure direct communication,quantum secret sharing,quantum identity authentication,quantum secret comparison and quantum key agreement.Quantum key agreement(QKA)is an important branch of quantum cryptography.It aims to solve the problem of communicators negotiating shared keys without the participation of third parties.Compared with Quantum key distribution(QKD),participants in QKA protocol don't need to trust any other participants.It can not only resist participant attacks,but also establish shared keys in public and insecure channels.In practice,the application of QKA protocol is very extensive,such as end-to-end communication,Internet of Things communication and other scenarios,which can protect the privacy and security of the communicators.Of course,the development of quantum cryptography is accompanied by the birth of various attacks.In addition,the channel noise in actual communication seriously affects the success rate of QKA protocol.Therefore,it is necessary to improve the efficiency,security,practicability and anti-noise ability of existing QKA protocols.(1)We propose a novel two-party QKA protocol and a novel multi-party QKA protocol based on Bell state,respectively.Our protocol is one-way communication and can naturally resist Trojan horse attacks.In addition,compared with the existing Bell-based QKA protocol,our protocol also has a great improvement in efficiency.(2)We propose a novel two-party QKA protocol and a novel multi-party QKA protocol based on Cluster state.Our protocol improves the practicability of the protocol while guaranteeing high efficiency.Our protocol also greatly reduces the consumption of quantum resources.In addition,our protocol is more sensitive to eavesdropping detection.(3)Based on logical X state,we propose a two-party QKA protocol which can resist channel noise.The proposed protocol only needs to transmit logical quantum in quantum channel.Compared with the existing QKA protocol immune to noise,our protocol has greatly improved the efficiency,and also has a significant reduction in the use of quantum resources.We also propose a robust QKA protocol based on logical Bell state.It can also resist channel noise.