| Guizhou is a typical karst landform.Due to the special geological environment,there is water shortage in this area,which will have a great impact on the ecological environment and economic society.In this paper,the characteristics of water resources in Shibing county and Changshun County of Guizhou Province are analyzed by the methods of literature,3S technology,mathematical statistics and analytic hierarchy process.So we can know the difference of water resources occurrence,space-time distribution,development and utilization between Shibing county and Changshun County under different lithology conditions.The dolomite area of Shibing County accounts for 57.36% of the whole county area,and the limestone area of Changshun County accounts for 49.94% of the whole county area.So two counties are selected as the study area.Based on the analysis of literature and the principles and characteristics of the evaluation system of water resources carrying capacity,the evaluation system of water resources carrying capacity is constructed,and the application of water resources is evaluated quantitatively;the development countermeasures of water resources in two regions are put forward systematically.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Due to the influence of different lithology,the occurrence forms of water resources in Shibing county and Changshun county are different.In Shibing County,there are many natural groundwater outcrops,so the dolomite basin is mainly characterized by the development of surface river system;in Changshun County,there are many large-scale underground rivers,which are rich in groundwater.Therefore,the limestone basin is mainly characterized by the development of underground river system.(2)According to the calculation,the water supply of the two counties is quite different.The water supply of Shibing county is 96.3million cubic meters,and that of Changshun county is 43.64 million cubic meters.The utilization rate of water resources in Shibing county is29.94%.The utilization rate of water resources in Changshun county is16.96%,which is far lower than the national average level.(3)Through the evaluation of the water resources carrying capacity of the two counties,it is concluded that the water resources carrying capacity and social carrying capacity of Shibing county are higher than that of Changshun county.(4)According to all the research and analysis,the Countermeasures of water resources utilization are put forward respectively.1 Shibing county needs to improve the management system of irrigation area and improve the reliability of water supply.Changshun county should strengthen the construction of drainage and sewage facilities.2 Shibing county needs to reduce the long-term and large-scale application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers by residents,resulting in water eutrophication and organic pollution.Changshun county should reasonably grasp the bottom line of development and utilization and the red line of water ecological environment protection,maintain the water ecological environment,and improve the water quality.3 Shibing County formulates the change of total amount according to the peak season and the off-season of water resource demand.The amount of groundwater exploitation in Changshun county should be controlled according to the month,and water conservancy projects should be established to change the lack of surface water through water storage.4 The annual water consumption in Shibing county should be regulated according to the peak and off-season water consumption standards.Changshun county should establish a basic water management red line for groundwater and surface water according to the water resources carrying capacity of the whole county.5 Shibing county should advocate enterprises to save water and set strict standards for water use of enterprises.Changshun county should fully introduce the technology of water resources development,such as groundwater development technology,water purification,water resources recycling technology to improve the efficiency of water resources utilization.6 Shibing county needs to introduce new industries,realize the transformation of new and old kinetic energy,eliminate high energy consuming industries,change the local economic development mode,and improve the awareness of local residents.Changshun county needs to set up nature reserves for the areas of soil and water conservation,and implement them together with the policies of protecting the ecological environment. |
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