Design Of A Spatial Sound Source Localization System Based On The Membrane Bridge Mechanism

Sound source localization plays a vital role in the field of acoustics applications.The current widely used sound source localization system is based on the TDOA(Time Delay of Arrival)method.The positioning accuracy of the TDOA method depends on the number of base stations of the positioning system and the distance between the base stations.The larger the distance between the base stations,the greater the phase difference of the acquired acoustic signals,and the higher the accuracy.In order to improve the positioning accuracy,a multi-base station method and an array with a large distance are usually used to increase the phase difference of the acquired signal.Therefore,there is a disadvantage that the array is large and the base station is complicated.At present,people have high requirements for the positioning accuracy,dimensions and system volume of the sound source positioning system.The traditional TDOA positioning array is difficult to meet people's needs for high-precision miniature sound positioning systems.Scholars have found that there is an intermembrane bridge structure in the auditory system of Omya parasitic flies.The vibration makes the acoustic signals received on both sides of the diaphragm have a big difference.This structure enhances the ability of the auditory system to distinguish the angle and frequency of the sound source,so that the Omya parasite can break through the limitation of the length of the auditory organ and has a strong sound localization ability.The discovery of the intermembrane bridge structure provides a new idea for the study of miniature acoustic localization systems.In this paper,the dynamic model and circuit model equivalent to the intermembrane bridge structure are analyzed based on the intermembrane bridge structure in the Omya parasite.Based on the circuit model of the inter-membrane bridge,the relationship between the parameters in the circuit model and the parameter selection steps are discussed by means of circuit principles and mathematical transformations.The model of the inter-membrane bridge corresponding to the selected parameters is verified by the form of Multisim circuit simulation.The amplification ability of the signal difference of the base station,and the correspondence between the signal difference and the azimuth of the sound source under fixed parameters is determined through calculation.Furthermore,the idea of determining the azimuth of the sound source by the inter-membrane bridge coupling circuit is extended to three-dimensional space,and a 4-microphone micro-space sound source localization system capable of measuring the three-dimensional coordinates of the sound source is proposed.Using software to simulate the system and compare it with the TDOA-based Chan algorithm positioning array,it is found that the system positioning accuracy is significantly higher than the Chan algorithm positioning system under the same array volume.The Chan algorithm array must increase the base station spacing or the quantity can have the same level of positioning error as the inter-membrane bridge positioning system.At the same time,the system is compared with IKN,IKN-IQN algorithms.In the SNR of 20 d B,The inter-membrane bridge micro-spatial positioning system's distance error is 3.65cm;the experiment shows that the positioning accuracy of the inter-membrane bridge positioning system is excellent under the condition of higher SNR,and the volume of the system array are optimal,indicating that the positioning accuracy of the intermembrane bridge positioning system is higher and has a large advantage over the traditional acoustic positioning array in terms of volume and number of base stations.