| The middle and upper atmosphere is an important energy coupling region in the earth atmosphere system,especially the mesosphere and lower thermosphere（MLT）.It is located in the transition between the neutral atmosphere and the ionosphere,and is the most complex region where atmospheric photochemistry and dynamics occur.Airglow,as an important radiative phenomenon in MLT,carries important photochemistry and dynamics information.it has been Widely employed to study the physical and chemical characteristics of MLT atmosphere.In this thesis,we developed a Mesopause Airglow Spectrum Photometer（MASP）to measure the rotational temperature of airglow emission from O2（0-1）band around 94 km during night in Nanjing.The airglow spectrum,instrument development,detection mode and observation results are described in detail in this thesis:1、The principle and method for the measurement of rotational temperature by using MASP are studied.The emission from O2（0-1）band is selected as the source,and the principle of the ratios among different spectral lines varying with different temperatures is used to realize the temperature detection.2、Design processing and optimization for the optical system and structure of MASP are described.Based on the detection principle,the overall optical path design of the MASP detection instrument is shown.The properties of narrow-band interference filter as a key component of the detection system is described in detail.After the overall construction of the detection instrument is completed,further optimization is implemented for the structure to improve detection accuracy.3、The forward model,calibration method and data inversion process are provided.The forward model is built to calculate synthetic spectrum from forward images.We describe the detailed process of the inversion algorithm,including the removal of dark noise,cosmic rays,background continuum.In addition,the calculation method of the actual observed synthetic spectrum,the temperature inversion process and the evaluation of the error are described respectively.4、The field observations and detailed analysis of observation results are carried out.From September 2018,field observations were started at the meteorological observation base of Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology（118.78oE,32.07oN）.The results show that the instrument is capable of detecting temperature disturbances caused by small-scale gravity wave and tidal waves of 4h and 8h.The temperature results of continuous observation during October 2018 are statistically averaged and compared with NRLMSISE-00 model,which shows good consistency and proves the reliability of MASP. |
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