Study On The Extration Of Active Components From Ginger And Its Characteristic

Ginger(Zingiber officinale Roscoe),is also named as Bailayun,vindesine,it is the fresh hizomes of Zingiberaceae,and is rich in nutrients and physiological active materials,as well as,Ginger is a representative of "affinal drug and diet" in traditional medicine."Food Materia Medica" reports that "Long uptake leads to deodorization and mind awakening ",and ginger can be used as food and spices.In the domestic,ginger cultivation is quite a lot,the products and species of ginger are more abundant,The products process technologies with ginger as raw material are various.However,there is a widespread problem of a single product,low utilization of raw materials,waste of resources.Therefore,in this paper,based on the above problems,use the ginger as the raw material,mainly research in the recovery and utilization of ginger essential oil,ginger oleoresin,ginger protease,ginger polysaccharide,dietary fiber and other functional components during the process of sugar ginger pieces and ginger juice.The results are as the following: 1).During the process of sugar ginger pieces,little old ginger and a large amount of steam were the main byproducts.The old ginger can be used for dry ginger powder,and the steam has many ginger oil which could be recycled.So in this paper,the dynamics of ginger essential oil and its influenceing factors during the sugar boiled process were mainly studied,so as to determine the ginger essential oil recycling method.After different curing methods and ultrasonic composite treatment for regular sugar boiling process,essential oil collected in cooked stage.The optimal method was that the ratio between ginger pieces and sugar was 3:2,and using 480 W ultrasonic treatment for 10 min at the same time,then boil sugar and collect ginger essential oil for 90 min.The yield rate of ginger essential oil for this method was 6.87% by weight of fresh ginger.Using GC-MS to determine the active ingredients of recovery and regular ginger essential oil,the former contains 94 species,accounting for 85.6312% of total extract,the latter contains 104 species,accounting for 83.3975% of total extract,whose main components consist of terpenoids,alcohols,ketones and aldehydes.The biggest difference between the two components were that the recovery ginger essential oil contains 9.46% of eucalyptol without lateral primary alcohols,and water extraction ginger essential oil contains 9.22% of lateral primary alcohols,excluding eucalyptol.There also exist big difference(Z,E)-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadiene aldehydes,zingiberene,Curcumene,?-cedrene,and ?-half phellandrene in a significant content.2).Use citric acid precipitation and ultrafiltration to produce clarified ginger juice.The results indicated that the color,body,flavor and preservation of ginger juice produced by ultrafiltration were superior to citric acid precipitation.The byproduct of ginger protease can be obtained with the two methods.In citric acid precipitation method,we can extract ginger protease better with using 40 mmol / L of citric acid.In the method of ultrafiltration production,after treating 3 times the volume of the crude juice storage tanks,it should be recycled the concentrated juice in time,and freeze-dried to obtain ginger protease..the best reaction condition of Ginger protease was that in the buffer of sodium dihydrogen phosphate-disodium hydrogen phosphate,substrate concentration was 1% pH value was 5 and temperature was 60?.In the above optimum reaction system,the specific activity of the enzymes were 357.8366 U / mg,612.6502 U / mg,which indicates that citric acid precipitation method can collect better ginger protease and higher purity of the enzyme.3).Use ginger residue after taking juice as raw material,ginger oleoresin and polysacchairdes were extracted synchronously with the hot water reflux method.The extraction conditions were: the ratio between ginger residue and water is 1:30,ultrasonic power 480 W for 10 min,ginger residues boiled for 150 min,then filtered and got the filtrate,ethanol was added to achieve a final concentration of 80% after the filtrates were cooled.The yield of ginger oleoresin and ginger polysaccharide were 0.91%,10.52%,respectively.Their molar ratio are of 1: 1.76: 38.22: 2.41: 2.24.4).The ginger fiber as the research object in this paper.Using alkaline,ultrasonic method,enzyme alkaline or lactic acid bacteria and mucor racemosus Fres to improve structural of ginger fiber,let preparation of dietary fiber has higher function,hold water,the oil force of modified fiber,glucose and cholesterol absorption ability as detection index.Through determining of parameters,the physical and chemical properties of dietary fiber which were modified by mucor racemosus Fres are better than those modified by other methods.Lactic acid bacteria modification method and physical and chemical modification of dietary fiber does not affect glucose adsorption.Scanning electron microscope of dietary fiber modification showed the ultrasonic-modified dietary fiber was best.Showed that shape,surface concave and convex,compactness have obvious improvement.Moderate particle size is porous and can improve the dietary fiber physiological activity,is also good for people to absorb.