Production Of High Value-added Compounds From Biomass-derived Furfural

The heavy use of non-renewable energy resources such as petroleum and coal has caused severe environment pollution,and this is in contradiction with the increasing awareness of health and environment protection.What's more,there are lots of unstable factors over petroleum price as well as supplies,so it's important to devote major efforts to developing renewable energy sources.Biomass,as one of the potential substitutes of fossil energy,has attracted extensive attention.Based on the background mentioned-above,the conversion process and catalysts needed for biomass-derived furfural conversion into high value-added chemicals were investigated.In chapter ?,a series of bimetal-doped beta zeolites have been successfully prepared via a simple post-systhesis strategy including dealumination and metal ions incorporation.The incorporation of ferromagnetic metals into lattice sites of Sn-beta is evidenced by XRD and FTIR.The very high reduction temperature(1094 K)of cobalt in Co-Sn-beta zeolite determined by TPR confirms that Co interacts strongly with the zeolite support,consistent with lattice tetrahedral(Td)coordination.Co doped Sn-beta zeolite was a promising Lewis acid catalyst together with a carbon solid acid(PTSA-POM)for the conversion of furfural to isopropyl 4-oxovalerate(i-PL)and y-valerolactone(GVL).The high total yield of 92.02%was obtained after reaction for 16 h at 160 ? including 48.33%i-PL,37.67%GVL and 6.02%levulinic acid(LA),respectively.The catalysts could also be applied as robust catalysts in glucose into 5-hydromethylfurfural.In chapter ?,a series of catalysts,metal-doped C3N4 loading in H? zeolite specifically,were prepared successfully,and the results of Scanning electron microscope(SEM)and Automatic specific surface area and porosity analyzer verified the authenticity.These catalysts were applied into the conversion of furfural into GVL,among these samples,10-Zr-C3N4-H? had the highest activity.The effects of reaction temperature,reaction time and the load of substrate were also investigated.The high GVL yield of 91.15%was obtained after reaction for 16 h at 160 ? and the conversion rates of furfural was 100%.