| The problem of incomplete nutrition or lack of nutrition caused by single food intake is a common problem in the world.To solve this problem,most countries have put out the fortification food successively,in this way they can fill up the lack of the importat nutrition simples in people's daily meals.Especially in America,the nutrition fortification products has reached ten thousands species,which take possession of the 80%in food.Rice is the main food of the people all over the world,but the nutrition of the rice lose seriously in processing and washing process.In addition,there are a large number of rice in China that that is too high in cadmium to enter the market.However,after removing cadmium from cadmium-excess rice and adding nutrient fortifiers to remanufacture rice,it can solve the problem of utilization of cadmium rice and it can also supplement the problem of nutrient loss and nutrient composition in polished rice.In addition,as the aging of society continues to increase,the number of people suffering from neurodegenerative diseases,such as Alzheimer's Disease(AD)has also increased.According to statistics,in 2017,the population suffering from AD in China has reached 800w.At present,there is no clinically complete cure for AD.Studies have shown that pisum sativum are rich in nutrients,not only can supplement nutrients in polished rice,but also rich in vitamin B12,folic acid and trace elements are the nutrients lacking in AD patients.The curde flavonoids in rice bran of flavonoids compounds have a potential therapeutic effect on AD patients.In this paper,The use of cadmium-removing rice powder,whole pisum sativum powder and crude flavonoids in rice bran as raw materials was used to produce remanufactured rice by twin-screw extrusion.The cadmium removal process of rice,the remanufactured rice extrusion process and formula,the improvement of remanufactured rice taste and the function of remanufactured rice were discussed.It has provided a new direction for the use of excessive cadmium rice and developed a new staple food product for the potential adjuvant treatment of AD.Through the study of this paper,there are mainly the following results:(1)Using citric acid extraction method to remove cadmium from cadmium-excess rice.The content of cadmium in rice after cadmium removal was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry ICP-MS 7700x.The best cadmium removal process conditions of citric acid concentrationm,solid-liquid ratio and extraction time were 0.12%,2.7:1 and 30 min,the rate of cadmium removal of rice under this condition was 84.22%.(2)The twin-screw extrusion process is used to produce remanufactured rice.Through a comprehensive evaluation of texture and rehydration indices,the optimum extrusion process conditions of water content,die head temperature and screw speed were 23.17%,89? and 170 r/min.The comprehensive score of the remanufactured rice produced under the conditions was 79.95.The best formula of glycerin monostearate,pisum sativum and curde flavonoids in rice bran were 0.6%,3%and 0.012%.The comprehensive score of the remanufactured rice produced under this condition was 76.21.(3)The use of food additives to improve the quality of remanufactured rice from the aspects of hardness,viscosity,elasticity and chewiness.Through a comprehensive evaluation of the texture and rehydration indexes,the best additive formula for the remanufactured rice of citric acid was 0.3%.The sucrose fatty acid ester was 0.2%and the ?-cyclodextrin was 0.1%.The comprehensive score of the remanufactured rice produced under this condition was 90.64.(4)Starting from the hypothesis of oxidative stress,using CCA fluorescence and MTT assays,it was verified that crude flavonoids in remanufactured rice can inhibit the production of hydroxyl radicals and reduce the hydroxyl radical-induced damage of SH-SY5Y cells. |
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