The Building Of Multiscale TiO₂/Woven Carbon Fiber And The Influence On Tribological Property Reinforced Phenolic Composite

Woven carbon fiber reinforced resin composite?WCFRP?is continuously displacing numerous of conventional wet friction materials for its low density,high ratio strength,high bearing capacity,excellent tribological property and designability.However,the smoothness,chemical amphiphobic and inertness features of untreated woven carbon fiber lead to fiber polishing,fracture and de-bonding from the matrix,limited the application of the composite for friction materials.Therefore,effective strategy to improve carbon fiber/matrix interface is the key to widen practical application for WCFRP.In this work,a series of multiscale TiO₂-woven carbon fiber were built through hydrothermal growth,sol-gel and chemical grafting,to improve the tribological properties for phenolic resin composite.The friction/wear property for composites were systematically estimated through the morphology/structure,mechanical property,thermal stability,interface characteristic,friction stability and wear rate.?1?Uniform TiO₂ nanorods were successfully grow on woven carbon fiber by hydrothermal method to reinforce the resin composite.It is believed that the TiO₂ array grew directly on the carbon fibers and formed an effective chemical combination with carbon atoms?C-O-Ti?.The TiO₂ nanorods improved the mechanical interlocking among woven carbon fibers and resin matrix,resulting in better fibers/resin interfacial bonding.Compared with desized-woven carbon fiber,the TiO₂ nanorods-woven carbon fiber resulted in an improvement of 84.3%and 73.9%in the tensile and flexural strength of composite.The enhanced performance of well-proportioned TiO₂ nanorods-woven carbon fiber was also reflected in the nearly 56%decrease of wear rate,comparing to traditional woven carbon fiber reinforced composite.?2?The TiO₂ nanowires/TiO₂ film/woven carbon fiber ternary hybrid was prepared through hydrothermal growth,assisted by sol-gel,to reinforce the phenolic composite for desired tribological behavior.The introduction of ternary hybrid can not only improve the carbon fibers/matrix interface strength by mechanical anchor,but can also optimize the stress on the whole woven carbon fiber.As a result,the flexural strength of the composite reinforced by ternary hybrid increased by about 40%,and the wear rate decreased by about 60.8%,accompanied by a stability tribological behavior under varying tests,compared to the composite reinforced by desized-woven carbon fibers.?3?A novel 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane?APS?-TiO₂ nanorods-woven carbon fiber?WCF?was designed via in-suit hydrothermal growth and covalent bonding to improve both the mechanical interlocking and chemical interaction among Ti O₂ nanorods,WCF and phenolic as well as the interfacial adhesion between TiO₂ nanorod and WCF.The APS-TiO₂-WCF offered a 158.7%promotion of tensile strength,accompanying with a 63.0%decrease of wear rate for composite,compared to that for desized-WCF.The multifunctional APS-TiO₂ nanorods-carbon fiber was proved to be the promising reinforcement for wear-resistance phenolic composite.