Study On Preparation And Application Of The Biomass And Its Derivatives Based Porous Carbon Materials

Porous carbon materials produced by biomass and its derivatives have gained tremendous interest both inside and outside the material research community,also have attracted a growing number of academics and people who are interested to explore and further study due to its advantageous physical and chemical performance and properties of low preparation cost,regeneration and environmental-friendliness.Biomass and its derivatives based porous carbon materials possess advantages of higher specific surface area,uniform pore structure,superior chemical property and thermal stability,which makes it pervasively applied to different areas especially electrochemistry,adsorption and catalysis.In the first chapter of this paper,we used carbonization and chemical activation to treat biomasses,synthesizing series of activated porous carbons with abundant pores and higher specific surface area,and explored the influences of different carbon sources on specific surface area and electrochemistry specific capacitance.In the second chapter,we used polyaniline nanofiber as carbon precursor and silica monolith with mesostructure as hard template to synthesize branched polyaniline nanofiber based mesoporous carbon by one step hard template synthesis method.The electrochemical measurement shows that the capacitance of this material can reach 255 F g^-1 at the current density of 0.5 A g^-1 in 6M KOH,suggesting a good electrochemical performance.In the third chapter,we used carbonized freeze dried gourd sponge as raw material to adsorb cefalexin in aqueous solution,which turns out that this product can be used as adsorbent of antibiotics in pharmaceutical wastewater.At the same time,the experiment studied its adsorption behavior with kinetics curve and equilibrium adsorption curve and analyzed the possibility of it being industrially produced in a large scale.