Preparation And Application Of Carbon Materials Containing Catalytic Active Components

Due to the growing of global population and demand of technology development traditional energy is facing a serious shortage in the world.Therefore,exploring clean and renewable energy can be a effective way to solve the problem.Among the power sources,direct ethanol fuel cells?DEFC?and hydrogen energy may be the most promising.Direct ethanol fuel cells have been attracting extensive research because ethanol has a green energy source made from the fermentation of agricultural and sideline products.Moreover,ethanol has less toxicity,more security and higher reversible energy efficiency.However,ethanol in the process of electrochemical oxidation reaction has low power density and slow sluggish kinetics,which limit the development of ethanol fuel cell.Hydrogen energy is regarded as one of the most sustainable and renewable power source in the 21st century,and catalytic splitting of water into hydrogen causes widespread concern due to lack of by-products and environmental friendly process.However,such technology is confronted with the excessive anode oxygen evolution potential to obstruct the development.In order to solve the above-mentioned problems,great efforts have been devoted to developing high-efficiency alternatives.In this work,we devoted to the study of porous carbon materials containing catalytic active components with low oxygen evolution reaction performance on DEFC and water splitting.The conclusions are as follows:?1?The as-prepared porous Pd/Ni-NSC materials were successfully synthesized by carbonization and doping steps.When used in the ethanol electrocatalytic oxidation,the material showed lower peak potential and higher peak current density than commercial Pd/C.After working for 30 min under the-0.3 V,the residual current density is still higher than that of commercial Pd/C,indicating that Pd/Ni-NSC material is a good candidate of ethanol fuel catalytic material with high catalytic activity and stability.?2?The spherical Mn-Co-NC nanoparticle was synthesized as precursor through hydrothermal synthesis method and annealing operation.Then,Mn-Co-NC@P was prepared by phosphor doping with annealing operation.We found that the electrocatalytic activity of Mn-Co-NC@P showed low anodic overpotential with high current density.Meanwhile,the residual current density of Mn-Co-NC@P is higher than that of commercial Pt/C after working 8 h at 0.7 V.The outstanding electrocatalytic performance of Mn-Co-NC@P seemingly can be attributed to addition of phosphorous active site on Mn-Co-NC.Phosphorus is a kind of nonmetal with higher electronegativity,which can effectively attract the generation between Mn⁴⁺ and Co⁴⁺ to improve the catalytic activity and stability.?3?Based on the synthesis of ZIF-67,the blanket-like NiCo₂O₄/NC was successfully prepared by carbonization treatment of ZIF-67 under hydrothermal conditions.In the application of oxidation evolution reaction tests,NiCo₂O₄/NC exhibited superior initial voltage and higher current density than that of commercial Pt/C.This study effectively reduced anode oxygen evolution electrocatalysis for the use of the precious metal catalyst Pt/C.NiCo₂O₄/NC also has the advantages of simple preparation and low cost,providing a good application prospect in alkaline electrolysis of water splitting.