Study On The Characteristics Of Particulate Emissions From Eight Typical Indoor Or Outdoor Combustion Behaviors

The burning behaviors of human beings seriously harmed to people's health and affected the quality of the atmospheric environment.Many research reports had confirmed that the smoke produced by combustion not only caused air pollution,but also caused many respiratory and cardiopulmonary diseases.Therefore,burning is an important source of air pollution.In order to explore the impacts of burning behavior on population health,eight types of burning materials(cigarettes,mosquito coils,sandalwood,candles,leaves,straw,charcoal,and barbecue)were selected in this paper.These eight materials were the most common burning materials in life and the burning behaviors were also common activities in our lives.Particulates emitted from the combustion source were collected using atmospheric PM10 particulate sampler and 8-level Anderson sampler.The particle size distribution characteristics of the particulate matter emitted from eight types of burning materials were studied,and the chemical components(including carbon,elements and anions)carried on the particulate matter were analyzed.The following results were obtained from the study:(1)Smoking,burning mosquito coils,burning sandalwood and burning candles were more common indoor burning behaviors in daily lives.Different from the traditional coal dust and oil dust in the industrial field,PM released from the burning of these materials were more fine particles(most of the particles were smaller than 1?m).The organic carbon(OC)content carried by the particulate matter was much greater than that of the elemental carbon(EC),and the proportion of OC were above 95%for all these combustion materials.Except of the candle dust,a large amount of Pd,Cr,and Cd were detected on sandalwood dust,mosquito dust,and cigarette dust,which indicated that there were high health risks of smoldering mosquitoes or sandalwood indoor and indoor smoking.SO42-was the inorganic anion with the highest loading on the particulate matter generated from burning these four kinds materials indoor.In additior,a certain amount of F-was detected in sandalwood dust and mosquito dust,so we should pay more attention to F pollution.(2)Burning leaves,burning straw,burning charcoal,and barbecue were common outdoor burning behaviors in our daily lives.Similar to indoor combustion behaviors,these outdoor combustion behaviors would also release large amounts of fine particles.Though the carbon components carried on the particles released by burning these materials outdoor were still dominated by organic carbon(OC),the proportion of elemental carbon(EC)was increased due to a certain degree of incomplete combustion.K was a characteristic element of biomass combustion.Since leaves,straw,and charcoal were all biomass materials,particles released from these combustion sources carried a large amount of K element.At the same time,a little Pb and Cd elements were also detected on the particles.Instead of SO42-,Cl-was the inorganic ion with the highest content carried on the barbecue dust and pure charcoal dust.(3)Comparing these eight types of combustion behaviors(4 often occur indoors,4 often occur outdoors),it could be found that the median diameters of the particulate matter released by the indoor combustion behaviors were generally smaller than the median diameters of the particulate matter produced by the outdoor combustion behaviors.Since most of the indoor combustion materials are artificially synthesized materials with special functions,the particles released from indoor combustion activities often carried more toxic heavy metal elements,which indicated that these indoor combustion behaviors were more danger and more higher the environmental health risk for human beings than outdoor combustion activities.The carbon components carried on the PM were mainly organic carbon(OC)regardless of whether that were from the indoor combustion behavior or the outdoor combustion behavior.In addition to SO42-which was the main anion component carried by particulate matter emitted from various combustion behaviors,the pollution problem of F should be paid attention when burning sandalwood or mosquito coils in the room,while the pollution problem of Cl must be concerned which might cause by biomass burning,such as smoking,burning of leaves,Straw,charcoal and barbecues.