Fabrications Of Bismuth-Based Nanomaterials With Improved Electrochemical Sensing Performance

In recent years,the third generation biosensor?direct electrochemical biosensor?has attracted more and more researchers'attention.It has successfully solved the problem that the early biosensor was easy to be lost in the dissolution of a single media body,and prolonged the use cycle of the sensor.Meanwhile,the charge transmission distance between the enzyme and the electrode can be shortened,so that the internal electrical activity center of the protein can be better exposed,while the protein can maintain good biological activity.The development of nanotechnology provides a new way of thinking about direct electrochemistry of proteins,which provides valuable potential for development of superior biosensors because of the better biological affinity,large specific surface area and high catalytic activity under certain conditions.In this paper,a variety of bismuth-based nanomaterials direct electrochemical biosensors controlled by bismuth element were prepared by using the method of hydrothermal and solvent thermal experiment,and successfully realized the detection of hydrogen peroxide.During the experiment,the experimental conditions were optimized,and the electrochemical performance was improved to a certain extent by means of compound and self-doping.More details are summarized below:?1?Three-dimensional flower-like Bi₂WO₆ microspheres are made up of Countless nanometers with a simple hydrothermal synthesis step?3D-Bi₂WO₆MSs?.Horseradish peroxidase?HRP?was fixed successly on the surface,and the assembled direct electrochemical biosensor could be was used to test hydrogen peroxide?H₂O₂?.Because of the special three-dimensional flower structure,more protein molecules can be fixed,the number of effective collisions is increased,and the protein active center is better spread.enabling the preparation of biosensor for the detection of H₂O₂ has a more outstanding performance,it has a wide range of detection:consists of two parts from 0.5¹00?M?R²=0.9983?and 100²50?M?R²=0.9981?,at the same time also has a lower detection limit?0.18?M?.?2?Hollow BiOBr microspheres with a well-defined morphology have been synthesized via a hydrothermal process and employed to immobilize hemoglobin?Hb?,together with reduced graphene oxide?H-BiOBr-rGO MS?on the surface of the glassy carbon electrode to fabricate a mediator-free biosensor.Due to the unique structure of the modified electrode materials,the direct electron transfer of Hb is facilitated and the prepared H₂O₂ biosensors display good electrochemical performances---a wide linear range of 0.1 to 420?M,and an extremely low limit of detection as 0.02?M.?3?The V⁴⁺Since the doping bismuth vanadate(V⁴⁺-Bi VO₄)nanomaterials has been successfully synthesized via a hydrothermal and hemoglobin?Hb?fixed on the surface,it can be used in the detection of hydrogen peroxide?H₂O₂?direct electrochemical biosensors.Spectral analysis and electrochemical results show that this dumbing-type V⁴⁺-BiVO₄ nanomaterial is a material substrate that can achieve protein impermanence and has a excellent biocompatibility.The preparation of biosensor for the detection of H₂O₂ has a more outstanding performance,it has a wide range of detection:0.1³82?M?R²=0.9981?,at the same time also has a lower detection limit?0.05?M?.