Synthesis And Application Of Copper Based Nano-materials For Energy And Environment

In virtue of their structural characteristics,nanomaterials have a wide range of applications in industrial production due to their unique physical and chemical properties.Among them,copper is considered to be an excellent metal material because of its good conductivity,low price and abundant reserves.Compared with copper block,copper nanomaterials have better catalytic activity.Although researchers have made great research progress on copper nanomaterials,factors those affecting the formation process of copper nanomaterials and the structure and composition of the materials are not clear.There will be enormous changes in the catalytic results if the factors are different.In this case,how to design the synthesis route and synthesize copper-based nanomaterials with high catalytic activity have important sense.This thesis is guided by not only the theory of nanomaterials,basic electrochemical and organic chemistry,but a large number of previous studies.By using copper-based nanocatalysts,we proposed that the morphology and composition of the catalysts are key factors on electrolyzing water and deoxidizing phenol.Based on this,we developed low-cost copper-based catalytic materials and explored the reaction mechanism.The main research content is as follows:(1)Palladium-copper alloy nanoparticles with different compositions were prepared by the way of oil phase reduction,using palladium acetylacetonate and copper acetylacetonate as precursors.The microstructure and composition of these nanoparticles were characterized by HRTEM,TEM,MAPPING and EDS.(2)Different components of palladium-copper alloy nanoparticles were used to study the catalytic effect and stability of hydrogen production from water electrolysis.The microscopic explanation of the enhanced performance was calculated by using DFT.(3)A novel structure material with copper nanowires as template and ZIF-8 as beads connected intermittently was prepared by a two-step process at room temperature.The microstructure and composition of the composites were characterized by HRTEM,TEM,MAPPING and EDS.(4)The catalytic effect and stability of Cu@ZIF-8 nanomaterials with different structure were studied on the reduction of p-nitrophenol.The microscopic explanation of the enhanced performance and the reaction mechanism were verified by analyzing the control experiments.