A Time-series Study On The Relationship Between Air Pollutants And Daily Hospitalization Of Respiratory Disease In Hohhot City

The heterogeneous mix of gaseous and particle in air pollution is highly related human health risks especially respiratory system.Hohhot is a typical arid and semi-arid city in China,accompany with rapid economy growth and industrialization,the air pollution problem is getting worse,which becomes a public concern.In this study we have applied time-series analysis with a semi-parametric Generalized additive model to examine the relationship between respiratory hospital admissions and exposure to air pollutants including nitrogen dioxide?NO₂?,sulfur dioxide?SO₂?,carbon monoxide?CO?,ozone?O₃?,particulate Matter?10?m in diameter(PM₁₀)and particulate Matter?2.5?m in diameter(PM_2.5)in Hohhot from 1 January 2011 through 31 December2016.The objective of this paper is to provide evidence of the association between air pollution exposure and respiratory health risk,and information on tackling and preventing air pollution problems.The main findings are listed as follows:1.We found an annually increasing tendency of total number in respiratory admission from 2011 to 2016,and comparative larger number in heating season rather than none heating season.The patients gender proportion was 2:1 between male and female,and the patients above 65 years old is greater than the rest.2.Our results showed that the effects of the particulate matter(PM_2.5 and PM₁₀)?P<0.01?on respiratory admissions were statistically significant with categorical variables for age and gender on best fit lag days,however,the SO₂ and NO₂?P<0.05?were only significant with categorical gender.The effect of both PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 was stronger on women.For PM_2.5,the effect was stronger on aged under 65.SO₂ only affect people aged above 65 and O₃ was the other way around.3.Our findings showed that SO₂,NO₂ PM_2.5 at P<0.01 and PM₁₀ at P<0.05 was significant associated with lung cancer.Associations were observed between asthma and all selected pollutants at P<0.05,which might deduce that asthma patients were more sensitive to those pollutants than other patients.The effect on COPD hospitalizations risks was significant associated with SO₂,NO₂ PM_2.5 at P<0.01 and PM₁₀ at P<0.05.Above all,the simulation results indicated that particulate matter had the most significant impact on respiratory hospitalizations than others,which may cause serious problems to human health.