Fabrication Of Polyaniline (PANI) Based Electrode Material For Supercapacitor And Study On Performance

Supercapacitors have attracted intense interest due to their excellent performance such as high power density,rapid charge-discharge rate as well as long cycle life.PANI is recognized as one of the most promising pseudocapacitive material since it has advantages of high pseudocapacitance,light weight,low cost,controllable electrical conductivity,facile synthesis and environmental friendliness.However,improvement of its cyclic stability and increasing its energy density still remains challenges.This paper aimed at improving the specific capacity,cyclic stability and energy density of conducting polyaniline electrode materials.Through facile technic and easy industrialized method,polyaniline nanomaterials,polyaniline composites were prepared and polyaniline electrode material for flexible supercapacitor application was investigated.Their morphologies,structures and electrochemical properties were also studied.The primary work of this paper includes:?1?Sulphuric acid and ammonium persulfate were used as dopant and oxidant,respectively,to prepare polyaniline nanomaterials via a self-assemble method.The performances of the materials with different[SA]/[aniline]molar ratios were investigated.Polyaniline with nanorods morphology was obtainded with the highest electrical conductivity of 6.65 S/cm when the[SA]/[aniline]molar ratio was 10:1.It displayed a specific capacitance of 449.1 F/g and a capacitance retention of 75.15%after 1000 cycles at1 A/g.At a power density of 500.4 W/kg,PANI exhibited an energy density value of 62.38Wh/kg while the energy density can still remain 41.94 Wh/kg at a high power density of5000 W/kg.?2?By in-situ oxidative polymerization method,polyaniline was polymerized on surface of graphitic carbon nitride,and a novel flower-like polyaniline/graphitic carbon nitride?PANI/g-C₃N₄?nanocomposite was synthesized.The introduction of graphitic carbon nitride improved the specific capacitance and cycling stability of electrode materials.At the current density of 1 A/g,a specific capacitance of 584.3 F/g and 81.91%of capacitance retention after 1000 cycles was obtained.At a power density of 500 W/kg,the composite exhibited an energy density value of 81.15 Wh/kg while the energy density can still remain51.94 Wh/kg at a high power density of 5000 W/kg^-1.?3?On the basis of polyaniline/graphitic carbon nitride composite,a silver/polyaniline/graphitic carbon nitride composite was synthesized using the reduction characteristic of polyaniline.It displayed a high specific capacitance of 753.7 F/g and an excellent capacitance retention of 84.43%after 1000 cycles at an applied current density of1 A/g.At a power density of 500 W/kg,the composite exhibited an energy density value of104.68 Wh/kg while the energy density can still remain 68.98 Wh/kg at a high power density of 5000 W/kg.?4?By in situ polymerization of polyaniline on the polyvinyl alcohol-sulphuric acid hydrogel film electrolyte,then decorated by Ag nanoparticle,Ag/polyaniline-polyvinyl alcohol flexible supercapacitor materials was fabricated.A specific capacitance of 231mF/cm² was obtained at the current density of 0.2 mA/cm² while displayed a capacitance retention of 88.3%after 3000 cycles at 0.2 mA/cm².At a power density of 200,500,1000?W/cm²,the energy density can reach up to 32.08,26.8,20.22?Wh/cm²,respectively.