Study On The Application Of Environmental Liability Insurance In Environmental Risk Management

Recently,environmental pollution accidents occur frequently in China,resulting in serious ecological damage and economic losses.Some of the victims cannot obtain corresponding compensation,which hinder the development of harmonious society.Environmental pollution liability insurance,also known as "green insurance",is the occurrence of pollution accidents on the third party caused by damage to the law should bear the liability for the insurance.According to the applicant's personal wishes or insurance implementation can be divided into compulsory environmental liability insurance and voluntary environmental liability insurance.It requires the insured to pay insurance premiums to the insurance institution at a certain premium rate according to the insurance contract.When the insured person is liable for damages and governance due to the pollution of the environment,the insurance company pays the corresponding amount of insurance to the victim.Environmental liability insurance also has the characteristics of extensive risk,liability insurance,limited scope of coverage,government assistance and other important features,in addition to the general social,public welfare and so on.The risk of social responsibility and the risk management function,although not to ensure that the environment is not contaminated,can not fully resist the risk,but its implementation will help the use of insurance mechanisms to change the enterprise or individual "first pollution control" development model,the formation of "insurance and then perfect" green development path.Envirnmental pollution liability insurance is able to disperse the potential risk effectively and further help the social relief of environmental tort.Based on the review of domestic and international environmental pollution liability insurance,the status quo of legislation,the current situation of risk management,the history of environmental pollution liability insurance in Hunan Province,the investigation of environmental pollution liability insurance model in Wuxi,Shanxi and Anhui,analyzing the current issues which related to the environmental pollution liability insurance in the environmental risk management,as well as providing suggestion to the development of environmental pollution liability insurance will better support to extend this method in China.The results show that the process of environmental pollution liability insurance promotion is slow,the laws and regulations are not perfect,there is a gap between insuranceproducts and market demand.The technical support system has not yet been established.The enterprise has insufficient knowledge of environmental pollution liability insurance,lacking of insurance power,and no effective third party supporting mechanism and so on.This is the construction of environmental pollution liability insurance system is facing the problem.According to the international development trend and experience of environmental pollution liability insurance,combined with the domestic and provincial pilot experience and development problems encountered,the article puts forward the suggestions for the future development of environmental pollution liability insurance system in our province.First,we must strengthen the guiding role of the government: including the establishment of special institutions,the introduction of relevant systems and supporting policies,clearing the first batch of environmental pollution compulsory liability insurance industry,the establishment of risk prevention funds.Second,it is necessary to cultivate insurance companies and insurance companies as the center of the market,the insurance companies take the initiative to assume the obligation to cultivate the market to enhance the environmental pollution liability insurance technology,service level,improve the relevant staff of professional and technical knowledge and technical threshold.Third,we must strengthen the publicity,improving the environmental pollution liability insurance market awareness,the formation of government-led,market-led,public participation and supervision of the development model.