| Membrane fouling,especially the irreversible biofouling,has strong negative effect on the operational sustainability and the cost-efficiency of membrane process,thus hampers the application of membrane technology.To address this problem,significant research attentions have been developed antibacterial surface via incorporating antimicrobial agents onto the substrate surfaces.In this paper,three kinds of experimental protocols were designed to prepare three types of antibacterial membranes through programmed combination antibacterial strategy.Metal nanoparticles?copper and silver?were used as effective biocides due to their strong antibacterial activity.Mussel-inspired dopamine?DOPA?chemistry with good hydrophilicity and strong adhesion is able to chelate copper/silver ions to construct biofouling-resistant surfaces.?1?The surface grafting approaches for loading antimicrobial agents are mainly dependent on the membrane surface chemistry,which have certain functionalities or specific charges to promote their strong bonding.However,these approaches are relatively complicated.A simple,facile one-pot method was presented to obtain separation membrane with antibacterial property via soaking membranes in DOPA solution.Given the controllability of loading of the copper nanoparticles,a wide range of application and more than 99%antibacterial rate of this approach,this strategy provides an applicable avenue for surface grafting approach.?2?The nanoparticles are easy to lose due to weak interaction with membrane materials,to solves the above problem,we propose the fabrication antibacterial poly?vinylidene fluoride??PVDF?ultrafiltration membranes functionalized with silver/clay nanocomposites via phase inversion.Co Mparing with the pristined PVDF membrane,the water flux of optimized membrane increased 40%to 392 L m-2 h-1,meanwhile,the BSA rejection increased 15%.The water flux recovery ratio of the membranes,evaluated by cross-flow filtration of an artificial secondary wastewater solution,was approximately 100%.It is proved that the antibacterial film prepared by this method has a higher advantage in the application of wastewater treatment.?3?A high-performance polydopamine-coated single-walled carbon nanotube forward osmosis membrane was prepared by an interfacial polymerization method.Based on this,an excellent antibacterial property was provided by soaking a silver nitrate solution.Silver nanoparticles loading was up to 1.49%and antibacterial rate was up to 99.90%.The water flux of the pristined and the modified membrane were about 145 L m-2 h-1before biofouling,respectively.The water flux of the modified membrane was reduced to103.33±4.92 L m-2 h-1 after biofouling,which was twice as high as the reported water flux of the antibacterial forward osmosis membrane.Therefore,antibacter ial FO membranes with high flux was obtained.This paper had developed three different preparation methods of antibacterial membranes,and systematically evaluated the antibacterial performance and basic separation performance of antibacterial membranes.It aims at a simple development process,mild conditions,and easy application of membrane antibacterial modification methods.It provides new ideas and new methods for the study of membrane biofouling,and promotes the development of antibacterial membranes in seawater desalination and fresh water treatment. |
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