Study On Preparation And Application Of Cotton Use Durable Flame Retardants With Multi-active Groups

Cotton fiber products are popular in market for its good hygroscopicity,permeability and skin-friendly characteristics.However,cotton ignites easily,and the flame spread fast.Endowing cotton fabric with flame retardant is an effective method to reduce casualties and property losses in the fire.Phosphorus-containing flame retardant is one of the most favor flame retardants in scholars for its excellent flame retardancy,low toxic,low smoke release,and friendly to enviorment.Pyrovatex CP,Proban and its derivatives are widely used as durable cotton flame retardants,while these flame retardants may release formaldehyde that can damage human health and the environment.If can design a green phosphorus-containing flame retardant with active group,through covalent bond grafted onto the cotton fabric,it is expected to solve a series of problems,such as nondurability,damage to fabric tensile strength,environment and human.This study got a durable and green flame retardant finishing technology for cotton,the research content mainly includes:(1)Study on synthesis and application of ammonium three phosphoric acid glycerol ester flame retardant.After preparation,ammonium three phosphoric acid glycerol ester(ATPAGE)grafted onto fabrics through dip-pad-dry-cure technology.The LOI value of cotton fabric treated with 20 % ATPAGE reached to 36.8 %,after 50 LCs,the LOI value declined to 26.4 %.That is,20 % ATPAGE could be used as durable flame retardant of cotton.X-ray diffraction patterns and FTIR results showed that the treatment had little effect on the original structure of cotton.Both TG and cone calorimetry results suggested that ATPAGE could significantly improve the flame resistance of cotton.The flame retardant mechanism of ATPAGE was condensed and gas phase flame retardant mechanism.The cotton fabrics treated with 20 % ATPAGE were still strong enough for use as clothing fabrics and decoration textiles.(2)Study on synthesis and application of ammonium amino trimethylene phosphate flame retardant.Ammonium amino trimethylene phosphate(AATMP)was synthesized and expected to use as environment friendly flame retardant for cotton.The chemical grafting of AATMP and cellulose was carried out using dip-pad-dry-cure method and verified by FTIR.The concentration of shrinking agent and AATMP,baking temperature and time were discussed to select the optimal finishing conditions.When immersed in the solution of 5 % shrinking agent and 15 % AATMP,and then cured at 190 °C for 3 min,the cotton sample showed a limiting oxygen index(LOI)value of 43.9 % and whiteness of 89.86.And the warp and weft tensile strength maintained the original tensile strength of 81.67 % and 85.38 %,respectively.After 50 LCs,the LOI value of 29.7 % of treated sample allowing its use as durable flame retardant.TG analysis showed that AATMP could significantly improve the flame resistance of cotton.TG-IR test suggested AATMP decreased the amount of gaseous pyrolysis products of treated cotton sample.Both TG and cone calorimetry results suggested that AATMP exhibited condensed and gas phase flame retardant mechanism.SEM results showed that the treatment had little effect on the original structure of cotton.(3)Study on synthesis and application of ammonium phytate flame retardant.A plant-based non-formaldehyde flame retardant containing high phosphorus ammonium phytate(APA)was synthesized for cotton fabric.The char length of treated cotton sample decreased to 31 mm from the original 300 mm.The LOI value of finished cotton fabric was as high as 43.2%,and after 30 laundering cycles,it still remained 30.5%,suggesting that APA could be used as an effective semi-durable flame retardant.The TG analysis in air demonstrated that the thermal oxidation stability of treated fabric was significantly improved.Cone calorimetry results showed that the peak heat release rate and total heat release of treated sample reduced obviously comparing with that of control sample.The SEM morphologies suggested that the APA molecule penetrated into the inner space of cotton fibers.FTIR spectra implied the APA molecule grafted onto cotton fibers.Then,the effective flame retardant APA has significant potential in practical application.