Gasification And Hydrogenation Of Phenol In Sub-supercritical Water With Heterogenous Catalysts

Energy shortage is a severe problem that has restricted the sustainable development,hence seek or develop a kind of alternative energy source is of great significance for relieving the energy crisis.Lignocellulose is a renewable energy which is endowed with the advantages of being renewable,rich in storage,low pollution and widespread distribution,therefore,the subject to converse solid Lignocellulose into biogas or high qualified fuel oil has become a hot research issued nowadays.Lignin is one of the three major components in lignocellulosic biomass,and it is also the only large-volume renewable resource for aromatic compounds.We used phenol as a model,which is the basic unit of lignin and also typical aromatic pollutants in industrial wastewater.The exploration of gasification or liquidation of phenol in sub/supercritical water.In the reaserch of gasification of phenol in supercritical water,bimetallic NiCo/AC catalyst was prepared by the polyol reduction method which showed the high catalytic activity.By using NiCo/AC catalyst,the carbon efficiency can reach about 90%at 525?and 60 min with a 5wt%phenol,0.098kg/m³ density and catalyst loading of 0.5g/g?the mass of NiCo/AC catalyst/the mass of phenol?.The results of GC-MS indicate NiCo/AC can suppress tar successfully.A kinetic modeling was also proposed to describe gaseous product and tar formation,which gives the activation energy?Ea?123.56±31 kJ/mol and the frequency factor 16.93±0.48 for gaseous products.While for tar formation,the Ea is 112.95±24 kJ/mol and the frequency factor is 13.99±0.37.In all,Gasification of phenol as an efficient technology using bimetallic NiCo/AC catalysts.In the research of hydrogenation of phenol in subercritical water,the noble-metal-free bimetallic NiCo/AC catalyze hydrogenation of phenol in subcritical water system.15wt%Ni–3Co/?-Al₂O₃ exhibited the highest catalyst activity for producing cyclohexanol and for converting phenol.At 220?and 160min,phenol conversion yield and selectivity for cyclohexanol of 15 wt%Ni–3Co/?-Al₂O₃ reached 78.77%and80.33%,respectively.The physico-chemical and structural properties of the catalyst are analysed by BET,XRD,TEM and XPS.