Primary Research On Processing Technology And Antitussive Efficacy Of Nanguo Pear Paste

Nanguo pear is a kind of akiko pear in Rosaceae.It's a rich resourcesIn the northeastern part of China,especially in the eastern part of Liaoning Province.Which is rich in nutrients and good for human health due to it is high nutritional value and strong tonicity,significantly.In addition to the basic nutrients,Nanguo Pear also contains many functional natural ingredients,which include phenolic acids,flavonoids and triterpenes.The preparation technology,product formulation and antitussive efficacy of Nanguo pear paste were studied in this work.It not only solved the preservation problem of Nanguo pear,but also can increase the added value,providing a certain reference for the deep processing of Nanguo pear.The main findings are as follows:1.The effect of different agents on color protection,yield of juice,and clarification of juice of Nanguo pear were determined.The results showed that the best color-protecting agents of Nanguo pear juice were0.28%L-cys,0.56%CA and 0.20%V_C.Under this condition,the browning degree of Nanguo pear juice was2.1747±0.2133.Under the treatment with composite enzyme,the yield of Nanguo pear juice was 74.23±5.22%.And the optimal conditions of composite enzyme were0.19%,3:1?pectinase:cellulase?at 41?for 105 min.The results showed clarify effect is remarkable under the condition of 0.73 g/L chitosan at45?for 56 min.2.The preparation process of Nanguo pear paste was studied.Nanguo pears were pretreated with a color-protecting compound consisting of L-cysteine,citric acid and vitamin C.After beating,they were digested with a combination of pectinase and cellulase,and then clarified with chitosan.Pear juice was filtered and the supernatant was boiled to a certain degree at 100?.Lily and mint were extracted after pretreatment,and the extract was filtered.Nanguo Pear Juice,lily extract,mint extract,and rock sugar were concentrated together with the optimal ratio of synthetic liquid mixture.Flavor regulators and thickeners were added to optimize the formulation,and finally filling and degassing sterilization were performed to obtain finished product of nanguo pear paste.The optimum formula of Nanguo pear paste optimized according to the model:70%concentrated pear juice?35 brix%of soluble solid?,12%lily extract,6%peppermint extract,20%rock sugar,9%honey,0.2%citric acid and 0.4%thickener CMC.At this time,the sensory score was as high as 90.30.The Nanguo pear paste paste has a tan,yellow color,rich in fruit,moderate acidity and no precipitate.3.Theactive ingredients in Nanguo Pear were extracted by ethanol use ultrasonic-assisted.The results showed that the optimum conditions for the extraction of flavonoid by alcohol were:55%ethanol in 1:10solution at 50?for 2 h.The optimum process conditions for the extraction of phenolic acid by alcohol use ultrasonic extraction with 55%ethanol at 40?for 4 h at a feed to solid-liquid ratio of 1:10.The optimum process conditions for the triterpenoid extraction by ethanol ultrasonic-assisted with 55%ethanol at solid-liquid ratio of 1:10 to 60?for 4 h.The solvents were extracted with different polarities and the content of each active ingredient was determined.The extraction rates of PE,EtOAc and n-BuOH were0.64%,0.83%,and 1.13%,respectively.In the alcohol extract,petroleum ether layer,ethyl acetate layer and n-butanol layer,the content of flavonoid accounted for the largest proportion,followed was phenolic acid.The highest contents in the ethyl acetate were flavonoid and triterpenoid,and the content was0.743±0.021 mgQE/100gFW and 0.358±0.028 mgOAE/100gFW,respectively.The n-butanol layer contained higher phenolic acid,which was 0.463±0.023 mgGAE/100gFW.The alcohol extract is extracted with solvents of different polarities,so that the active ingredients are concentrated and the content of phenolic acid,flavonoid and triterpenoid increased by 0.212±0.025 mgGAE/100 gFW,0.145±0.018mgQE/100 gFW and 0.119±0.011 mgOAE/100 gFW,respectively.4.?1?The effect of different polarity of Nanguo pear and Nanguo pear paste on cough caused by concentrated ammonia in mice was studied.The experimental results showed that:the high does group of Nanguo pear paste can reduce the number of cough within 2 min,significantly.The high dose group of Qiuli Ointment and Nanguo pear paste can relieve cough,due to the R value was higher than130%.There was significant difference between Nanguo pear paste and Qiuli Ointment at the same dose,but increasing the dose of Nanguo pear paste can achieve similar contribution as Qiuli Ointment,and the number of coughs within EDT₅₀0 and 2 min tends to be similar.The results showed Nanguo pear paste can contribute to inhibiting cough,significantly.?2?Codeine phosphate group,alcohol extract high dose group,EtOAc group and n-BuOH group can prolong the half-cough time and reduce the number of coughs within 2 min campared with control.The EtOAc dose group had no significant difference in prolonging the half-cough in mice;there was no significant difference among alcohol extract,EtOAc dose group and n-BuOH of the number of coughs within 2 min compared with codeine phospgate group;there was no significant difference in R values for the EtOAc dose group compared with codeine phosphate group.The R values of the alcohol extract high dose group,EtOAc high dose group,EtOAc low dose group,and n-BuOH high dose group were greater than 150%,indicating significant inhibition of cough induced by concentrated ammonia in mice.The high dose of EtOAc was similar to the antitussive effect of the codeine phosphate group.Combined with the content of active ingredients in each polar part,it is presumed that flavonoid and triterpenoid may be the main antitussive ingredients.