| Wetland ecosystem is an indispensable part of the earth's ecosystem.It plays a role in conserving water resources,regulating climate,and maintaining ecological balance.However,in recent years,the increase in water for industry,agriculture,and domestic use has squeezed the amount of water needed for wetlands to maintain their own balance,disrupted the water balance in wetland ecosystems,and resulted in a decline in the ecological function of wetland ecosystems.The research and assessment of the ecological water demand and ecological service value of wetlands are the necessary work for maintaining the balance of wetland ecosystems.This study will use the Liaohe estuary wetland as the research object,based on the 3S technology to extract the information of the land cover in the study area and carry out area dynamic analysis and landscape fragmentation analysis,and then calculate the ecological environment water demand of the Liaohe estuarine wetland and make an assessment of the ecological service value.The main research content is as follows:(1)Surface cover information extraction.This study uses 3S technology to extract surface cover information from the estuarine wetlands of the Liaohe River.The direct interpretation method and comprehensive analysis method can reduce the workload and greatly increase work efficiency.Scientifically and accurately interpret the images to obtain surface the cover types,the area,the matic maps and other data provide important basic data for the study of the ecological environment water demand of the Liaohe estuary wetland and the evaluation of ecosystem services.(2)Area dynamic analysis and landscape fragmentation analysis.Area dynamic analysis can reflect the degree of change of various types of land within a period of time,and its spatial variation characteristics;landscape fragmentation analysis is the use of changes in landscape pattern index to determine the level of land fragmentation in the study area.Through two aspects of the analysis of land use in the study area,it can intuitively reflect the overall trend of land change in the study area,The area dynamic analysis and fragmentation degree analysis indicate that the ecosystem balance of the Liaohe estuarine wetland is threatened and it is also a necessary basis for the study of the paper.(3)Calculation of ecological environment water demand.The ecological environment water demand of the Liaohe estuarine wetland is divided into two parts: consumptive eco-environmental water demand and non-consumptive eco-environmental water demand.These two parts of the water requirement are calculated,and the minimum and optimum eco-environmental water requirements in the study area are then carried out.The study was conducted to obtain the monthly water demand process in the study area and provide data reference for water safety in the study area.The results show that the suitable eco-environmental water requirement in the study area is100317.44×104 m3;the corresponding minimum eco-environmental water requirements under the multi-year average precipitation conditions,75% precipitation frequency and 95% precipitation frequency are 20007.30×104 m3,22171.85×104 m3 and 24215.17×104 m3;and the monthly water demand process suitable for the minimum ecological environment is provided,which provides the basis for the regulation of the water resources of the Liaohe estuary wetland.(4)Evaluation of ecosystem service value.The value of ecosystem services can be evaluated from a variety of perspectives using a variety of methods.Based on the four major ecosystem services put forward by MA,the study divided the service types of the Liaohe Estuary Wetland into three categories: supply service,regulation service and cultural service,and built a service evaluation system for the Liaohe River Estuary Wetland Ecosystem,which will provide various services.The original data is converted into the energy value of each service through the conversion of energy value,and finally the energy value is converted into the value of money.The value of the ecosystem service in the research area is evaluated from a macro perspective,which provides a basis for the management and protection of the research area.The results showed that the total service value of the Liaohe estuary wetland in 2014 was 633.66×108yuan,of which,the regulation service was the core service of the ecosystem.Therefore,the value of the mediation service had an important impact on the evaluation of the ecological service value,which resulted in the Liaohe estuarine wetland.The basis for regulation and protection work. |
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