Fabrication And Applications Of Oil/Water Separation Materials With Special Wettability

In recent years,with the rapid development of economy and the need of environmental protection,the research and development of advanced oil and water separation technology have become more and more urgent.With the development of interface science,special infiltrative oilwater separation materials are constantly emerging because of their excellent oil and water separation performance.It is highly desirable to develop simple,rapid method to prepare high efficiency oil-water separation materials for practical applications.In this dissertation,porous PDMS sponge has been fabricated by sacrificing hard template method,and a simple and rapid preparation of superfine fiberglass membrane has been achieved with the filtering method.The oil-water separation performance of porous PDMS and superfine fiberglass membrane has been explored.The main contents are as follows:1.Porous PDMS sponge has been fabricated by sacrificing hard template method.The facile approach is mainly based on two criteria:(1)the solvent should be wettable to hard template;(2)the hard template is easily dissolved by the solvent.Based on the two criteria,a simple and rapid preparation of the porous PDMS oil absorbent has been achieved with ethanol as solvent,citric acid as hard template,and PDMS as matrix.Then,the morphology and the performance of the porous PDMS absorbent have been characterized.The results show that the prepared PDMS sponge has good oil absorption capacity(>300%),high oil-water separation efficiency(>99.8%),and stability for recycle use(at least 25 repeats).Thus,the prepared PDMS oil absorbent has potential application respect in the field of oil-water separation.2.A simple and rapid preparation of superfine fiberglass membrane has been achieved with the filtering method.Through the control of the experimental parameters,the preparation of the ultrafine glass fiber membrane with different thickness has been realized.The prepared superfine fiberglass membrane has good superoleophobicity in both underwater and acidic environment.Furtherly,the influences of the volume ratio of oil to water,acid solution concentration,emulsifier,and oil/organic solvent on oil-water separation have been explored.The results show that the prepared superfine fiberglass membrane has a high separation efficiency of oil-water emulsion(>99.95%)and stable separation performance for oil-water emulsion after scores of uses.