Preparation And Application Of Nanoreactors

Nanoreactors,which primarily comprised microcapsules,yolk-shell particles and core-shell microspheres,have received considerable attention due to their high efficiency and excellent recyclability.Benefiting from the merits of unique structural and surface properties,mesoporous microspheres are widely applied in the catalytic field.Generally,increasing the surface area of the specific active phase of the catalyst is a good method to achieve a higher catalytic activity through the fabrication of the corresponding catalytic microspheres with the smaller size and hollow structure.In addition,during catalysis,fabrication of the open mouthed microcapsules can effectively decrease the mass transfer resistance resulting from capsule lumen,thus greatly enhancing catalytic activity.However,one of the major challenges in the use of hollow microspheres(microcapsules)as catalysts is their chemical and structural stability.Herein,we make numerous microcapsules assemble together and form the roughly grape-like microcapsule aggregates,in this case,on the premise of guaranteeing the recyclability and mechanical stability,the catalytic activity of these microcapsules were still improved considerably.To further accelerate mass transfer rate in the lumen,we implant a movable microsphere in each macropore of the three-dimensionally ordered macroporous materials to prepare three-dimensionally ordered macroporous cross-linked polystyrene based on yolk-shell structure via selective etching core-shell composite colloidal crystal templates.1.We present a facile strategy to prepare grape-like silica-based hierarchical porous interlocked microcapsules(HPIMs)by polystyrene colloidal crystals templates,whose morphology,shell thickness,and even mesporous size can be precisely controlled via adjusting sulfonation degree.Moreover,the silica-based HPIMs are applied as support for highly dispersed gold nanoparticles to catalyze the oxidation-reduction reactions of 4-nitrophenol/Na BH4,exhibit outstanding catalytic efficiency and repeatability.2.The grape-like hypercrosslinked polystyrene hierarchical porous interlocked microcapsule is fabricated by Si O2 colloidal crystals templates.After undergoing the sulfonation,the sulfonated HPIM-HCL-PS is served as recyclable acid catalysts for condensation reaction between benzaldehyde and ethylene glycol,moreover,exhibits superior activity,selectivity and recyclability.3.The three-dimensionally ordered macroporous cross-linked polystyrene based on yolk-shell structure is prepared by selective etching core-shell composite colloidal crystal templates,in which core-shell composite colloidal crystal templates are filled with monomer and then perform polymerization reaction,finally selective etching silica shells.