Orientated Attachment Growth Of Lithium Titanate And Its Applications In Lithium Ion Capacitors

The "zero strain" characteristic of lithium titanate(LTO)makes it an ideal anode material for lithium ion supercapacitors,but the poor conductivity of LTO severely limits its practical applications.In this paper,oriented attachment(OA)growth of LTO on RGO films were achieved via pressure induction.In general,OA growth of LTO is an attacting approach to enhance the electrochemical performance of LTO/RGO composite electrode material.The main research work and the results are as follows:First,we investigated the effect of pressure(0.1 MPa,2.1 MPa,6.1 MPa and 10.1Mpa)on the growth process of LTO on RGO.It was found that the agglomeration of LTO-RGO-O.1 was most serious,and LTO-RGO-2.1 exhibited a fine flaky structure.LTO-RGO-6.1 showed a perfect OA growth phenomena,and there existed fragmentation of RGO films in the composite obtained by calcining the precursor at 10.1Mpa.The electrochemical performance of LTO-RGO-6.1 was best and that of LTO-RGO-0.1 was worst.Next,we analyzed the effect of RGO on the OA growth of LTO nanocrystallines based on the previous experimental results.It is shown that for pure LTO,no OA growth occurred and the partical agglomeration was very serious,which lead to a lower electrochemical performance.So expcept for the proper pressure,the existance of RGO is another indispensable conditionfor achieving the OA growth of LTO.Finally,the OA grown LTO/graphene-based self-supporting electrode was prepared by gas-liquid self-assembly method under optimized experimental conditions for OA growth of LTO.The microstructures of electrodes were observed with SEM.It is found that the electrochemical performanceof the as prepared elecytodes was better than that of the conventional self-supporting electrodes.