| Anaerobic ammonia oxidation?Anammox?is developed in recent decades as a sustainable and efficient biological nitrogen removal process.Ammonia nitrogen?NH4+-N?and nitrite?NO2--N?in the wastewater can be removed by nitrogen removal,the sludge yield is low and the disposal cost is low.In order to deepen the theoretical exploration of the operating characteristics of Anammox,improve the monitoring index system of Anammox and promote the engineering application of Anammox,two Anammox reactors of R1 and R2 were run,and the operating characteristics of Anammox were explored on the basis of starting.The possibility of application of color space and micro thermal technology in Anammox system was studied in detail.The main results are as follows:?1?The R1 reactor with nitrifying sludge as the inoculation of sludge and the R2 reactor with denitrifying sludge as the inoculated sludge,the whole process of reactors had experienced activity lag phase,period of increase and stability.Although the inoculation of sludge were different,but showing the same law,which were Anammox activity from scratch,slowly enhanced process,accompanied by deepening the degree of granulation.?2?R1was succeed at the start of 80 days.The removal rate of NH4+-N,NO2--N,TIN and TIN volume removal rate were stable at 92%-100%,89%-99%,70%-86% and 0.1111-0.5043 kg/?m3·d?,respectively.The maximum TIN volume removal rate reached 0.5043 kg/?m3·d?.The maximum substrate load of the system was NH4+-N 294 mg/L,NO2--N 353mg/L.R2 was succeed at the start of 110 days.The removal rate of NH4+-N,NO2--N,TIN and TIN volume removal rate were stable at 78%-87%,97%-99%,77%-84%,0.3179-0.4406 kg/?m3·d?,respectively.The maximum TIN volume removal rate is 0.4406 kg/?m3·d?.In general,nitrification sludge as an inoculation of sludge to start Anammox is better than denitrifying sludge.?3?The high throughput sequencing results were as follows: Shannon index of sludge sample of R1: Inoculated> Anammox,Ace index: Inoculated << Anammox;Shannon index of sludge sample of R2: Inoculated>Cultivated> Anammox,Ace index: Inoculated <Cultivated <Anammox.The results of the two systems showed that the diversity of the system gradually decreases and the total number of species increases gradually in the process of artificial orientation culture.The dominant flora in the R1 system was changed from Phaeodactylibacter Phaeodactylibacter?5.66%?to Candidatus Anammoxoglobus?19.45%?.The dominant flora in the R2 system was changed from Ottowia?6.92%?to Armatimonadetesgp5?10.63%?,and finally Candidatus Anammoxoglobus?43.92%?.The two systems were inoculated with different sludge,but in the end were formed to Anammox system.Candidatus Anammoxoglobus is a common sludge system of anaerobic ammonium oxide bacteria.?4?The change of color space in the process of Anammox was consistent with the removal rate of TIN volume and molecular biological characteristics.The color index could well indicate the characteristics of Anammox startup process.It was indicated that the color space,water quality and microbial communities have a good correlation between each other.Moreover,the impact index system based on color space can accurately and sensitively reflect the change of operating conditions of Anammox system.Therefore,the color space can be combined with water quality to comprehensively study the characteristics of Anammox system.?5?Under the condition of 35 constant temperature,the he? at flow curve of Anammox sludge showed a tendency to rise first and then stable.It did not show the characteristic peak,and could not obtain the microbial metabolic parameters.Although the micro-thermal technology is a good way to understand the microbial metabolism,the technology does not apply to the Anammox system because of the particularity of anaerobic ammonium oxide bacteria. |
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