Environmental Benefit Assessment Of China's Motor Vehicle Emission Control Measures And Its Enlightenment To Chengdu

With the development of economy,the process of motorization in China is accelerating,and exhaust emissions from motor vehicles have become an important source of urban air pollution.Since the 1990s,China has adopted a series of measures to control motor vehicle emissions.After more than two decades,China has gradually established a relatively complete vehicle pollution management mechanism.Under such circumstances,it is particularly important to comprehensively assess China's past vehicle emission control measures and explore the city's future motor vehicle pollution emission control strategies.In this study,we used vehicle-related PM2.5 pollution as the research object and combined emission inventory,air quality model,and comprehensive exposure response functions to quantitatively evaluate the effect of the emission control measures implemented by China on reducing emissions,improving air quality,avoiding health loss,based on the scenario analysis methods.The results show that in 2015,the emissions of HC,CO,NOx,and primary PM2.5 for road vehicles in China were reduced by 83.59%,87.57%,59.04%,and 86.63%,respectively,compared to the scenarios without control measures.At the same time,due to the reduction of emissions,the annual average concentration of PM2.5 in the country was reduced by 4.11ug/m3 compared to uncontrolled scenarios,and nearly 346,000(95%confidence interval:152,000,489,000)premature deaths due to PM2.5 exposure were avoided.In the current motor vehicle pollution control system,strict new vehicle standards and fuel control standards are important measures for emission reduction.However,over time,other measures,such as the enhanced I/M system,vehicle purchase restriction,and tail number restriction and so on,will play an increasingly important role in the future of vehicle emissions control system.From the geographical distribution of the environmental benefits brought by the implemented vehicle emission control measures,it shows a clear regional agglomeration effect.The benefits of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,the Yangtze River Delta,the Pearl River Delta and its surrounding areas are relatively prominent.The per capita motor vehicle ownership,road network density,and motor vehicle usage rate in these regions are relatively high,resulting in the emission intensity of motor vehicle pollution in these regions is much higher than in other regions of the country.At the same time,the pollution control management in these regions also leads the nation.Based on the current status of local motor vehicle development,they continuously tightened emission control standards and implemented emission control measures for vehicles that meet local characteristics,thereby drastically reducing the emission of motor vehicle pollutants and bringing about significant environmental benefits.Although three are significant benefits in reducing emissions,improving air quality,and maintaining health achieved by the current vehicle emission control measures,continued tightening policy measures will be required to mitigate the negative climate and health impacts of the continuous expansion of the motor vehicle market.Since many motor vehicle emission control policies are carried out at the city level,it is important to formulate emission control strategies in combination with the urban motor vehicle operating conditions and the current status of local motor vehicle development,seed from the analysis of the benefits of motor vehicle control measures implemented in the past.This study takes Chengdu,an important city in western China,as an example to study the characteristics of the operating conditions of the road vehicles in Chengdu,and discusses the control strategies for the emission of motor vehicles in the future.The results show that:the annual activity level does not change with the service life of different types of motor vehicles;the overall motor vehicle driving condition in Chengdu is normal.The average speed is 15.54 km/h-33.35km/h,and the proportion of idle speed is relatively high with an average of about 31%.Acceleration and deceleration are frequent,but uniform is rarely.On the whole,the traffic conditions of motor vehicles in Chengdu are poor.When the vehicles are in operation,the smooth state accounts for 19.26%-47.79%,the slow state accounts for 8.39%-16.88%,and the congestion state accounts for 41.14%-66.14%.There is a significant difference in road traffic flow.As the main bearer of urban traffic,the traffic flow of urban arterial traffic between 7:00-20:00 is saddle-shaped,and the two peak hours are 8:00-9:00,15:00-18:00 respectively,and the trough time is 12:00-14:00.In the different types of road traffic,light passenger cars account for the largest proportion,followed by taxis.Based on the analysis of the status quo of the development of motor vehicles in Chengdu and the experience of the implementation of control measures for motor vehicles in China in the past,this study explored future strategies for pollution emission control of motor vehicles in Chengdu,which provides a very important idea and method for urban motor vehicle emission control management and has very important theoretical significance for the management of mobile source pollutant emissions in China.