Study On CO₂ Emissions From Urban Commuting In Ji'nan

With the rapid development of the city,the rapid increase in the number of residents' motor vehicles has brought problems such as unreasonable urban commuting structure,transportation energy consumption and environmental costs.The problems of ecosystem degradation and serious environmental pollution have become important constraints on the sustainable development of the city.Implementation of low-carbon city development strategy and the balance between economic development and environmental protection are gradually becoming the hotspot and forefront of urban science research.Based on the survey of commuting residents in central area of Ji'nan,this paper analyzed the features of commuting modes and carbon emissions in central area of Ji'nan,studied the impact of different influencing factors on commuting styles and commuting carbon emissions,framed the structural equation modeling to answer the effects of different factors on urban commuting carbon emissions and put forward the policy recommendations in accordance with the development of Ji'nan which could be used for reference to alleviate the traffic congestion and environmental pollution for big cities in China.The conclusions are as follows:(1)The commuter structure of the main urban area of Ji'nan is unreasonable.Private cars have become the main commuter way while buses only accounted for 19.28%,and the proportion of "green" commuting modes such as walking,bicycles and electric cars are less.Among them,the three main reasons why residents in central area of Ji'nan are reluctant to use buses as their travel destination are the need for transfer,too crowded cars and too far from the destination.(2)There is a significant difference in carbon emissions of different commuting methods,the average level of commuting carbon emissions is low,and mainly concentrated in the low-carbon emission levels.The distribution of carbon emissions is consistent with the quantification principle of 60/20.The spatial distribution of carbon emissions reveals a pattern of differentiation increasing from the center outward.(3)Based on the structural equation modeling,the conclusions are as follows: The increase in commuting distance will significantly increase carbon emissions,and carbon emissions will further increase with the probability of private cars increased,while "green" commuting such as walk and bicycles will have a diminishing effect.In social-economic factors,the income level and the number of family cars have a positive impact on the travel probability of private cars and the increase of commuter carbon emissions.The age level and the number of family members have a positive influence on the travel preference of public transport,and have a negative impact on carbon emissions.In urban environmental factors,the urban central area where the convenience of the traffic infrastructure is high has lower commuting carbon emissions compared with the urban suburb.With the increase of population density at work,the probability of private car and the commuter carbon emissions will be reduced.The increase of land mixed use will reduce the probability of middle distance commuting mode and carbon emissions.The improvement of the level of public transport convenience will reduce the probability of private cars and the increase of carbon emissions.Based on the above content,this paper concludes the basic characteristics of carbon emissions,and finds out the main reasons that affect the commuting carbon emissions through the structural equation modeling,and make suggestions for the low carbon regulation in Ji'nan.