Study On Pedestrian Emergency Evacuation Behavior And Simulation Of Subway Station

With the characteristics of convenience,safety,punctuality and environmental protection,subway has become an effective way to alleviate the problem of public traffic congestion in modern cities.However,the subway station is a highly crowded public place,and easy to cause serious personal property damage and bad social impact when the event happened.Therefore,the emergency evacuation of subway station has received much attention from scholars in the field of public safety.Starting from the emergency evacuation problem of subway stations,this paper makes a systematic analysis of the transfer stations evacuation by means of questionnaire and simulation,combining with the relevant theories of system science,statistics and safety science.Firstly,the questionnaire of "pedestrian evacuation behavior of subway station" was designed to survey the passengers of Zhengzhou Metro.Through the correlation analysis of basic pedestrian characteristics and evacuation behavior,we found that there are 12 groups of variables were significantly correlated(Sig.< 0.01),and 7 groups of variables were correlated(0.01 < Sig.< 0.05).The variance analysis of evacuation behavior with different basic pedestrian pedestrian characteristics showed that gender,personality,occupation,education,baggage,companion behavior and safety awareness had significant differences in evacuation behavior(Sig.< 0.05).Then,taking the Zijingshan transfer station of Zhengzhou Metro as the prototype,this paper established the simulation environment of the transfer station structure and pedestrians.Combined with the investigation and analysis of questionnaire,we set up 10 simulation scenarios of pedestrian evacuation based on different emergency location,personnel composition,environmental familiarity and escalator operation mode.In addition,we studied the effects of different emergency location,pedestrian composition,environmental familiarity and escalator operation mode on the evacuation process by analyzing the parameters of evacuation time,exit and typical stairway flowrate,pedestrian density,movement distance and average queuing time in each scene.Finally,in order to solve the problem of insufficient capacity of Line 2 platform stairs and unbalanced usage of Line 1 platform stairs,we optimized the model based on the scene of line 2 train accident.The results showed that the total evacuation time of the optimized model is 344.3 s,reduced by 16.53 %,and the average congestion time is reduced by 11.93 s.At the same time,the unbalanced usage of Line 1 platform stairs has been improved to a certain extent,which improves the evacuation efficiency,and makes the evacuation process meet the requirements that passengers must evacuate to the safe area within 6 minutes.