Preparation And Electrochemical Properties Of Nickel-Based Glucose Sensing Materials

As is known that diabetes is a chronic disease and the long-term measurement of blood glucose concentration is required in the treatment of diabetes.Therefore,it is particularly important to develop simple and efficient glucose detection methods.With the development of nanotechnology,non-enzymatic glucose biosensors have attracted more and more attention on glucose detection due to their advantages of good stability,low cost and high sensitivity.In this paper,the research and development status of various non-enzymatic glucose sensing materials were fistly reviewed.Then a series of nickel-based electrocatalytic composites were synthesized and their non-enzymatic glucose sensing properties were studied.The research results are listed as follows:(1)Ni3(PO4)2/CSs composite microspheres were synthesized by a simple two-step hydrothermal method.The morphology and structure of Ni3(PO4)2/CSs composites were characterized,and the glucose sensing performance was also studied.The results showed that the Ni3(PO4)2/CSs modified electrode had good glucose sensing performance,with linear range of 5?M-2.5 mM and 2.5 mM-7.5 mM,respectively.The corresponding sensitivity was 480.153 ?A mM-1·cm-2 and 219.898?A·mM-1·cm-2.the detection limit was 1.67 ?M(S/N=3).In addition,Ni3(PO4)2/CSs composite microspheres had good anti-interference performance to L-lysine,NaCl,urea,L-valine,ascorbic acid,L-leucine and L-proline,and also showed good detection effect in actual serum samples.The recovery rate was between 95.2%and 96.6%,The good glucose sensing performance of Ni3(PO4)2/CSs composite catalyst may be due to the synergistic effect of Ni3(PO4)2 and carbon spheres,which was conducive to the improvement of charge transfer efficiency.(2)Ammonium nickel phosphate(NH4NiPO4·H2O)nanorods were successfully prepared using urea as both NH4+ source and molecular template.The morphology and structure of NH4NiPO4·H2O nanorods were characterized,and the glucose sensing performance was studied.The results showed that NH4NiPO4·H2O nanorods modified electrode had good glucose sensing performance,showing two corresponding linear ranges of 5 ?M-2.4 mM and 2.4 mM-5.7 mM,with sensitivity of 508.405 ?A·mM-1·cm-2 and 250.038 ?A·mM-1·cm-2.The detection limit was found to be 1?M(S/N=3).In addition,NH4NiPO4·H2O nanorods had good anti-interference ability to L-lysine,ascorbic acid,L-valine,NaCl,urea,L-leucine and L-proline,and had good detection effect in actual serum samples.The recovery rate was between 103.2%and 107.5%.The good glucose sensing performance of NH4NiPO4·H2O nanorods may be due to the intrinsic layered structure of NH4NiPO4·H2O.The interconnection of each layer with NH4+cations through hydrogen bonds could provide convenient channels for the catalytic oxidation of glucose,making glucose more accessible to the catalyst.(3)Porous polyhedral NiO/C composites were prepared by annealing Ni-MOF precursors at appropriate temperature.The morphology and structure of porous polyhedral NiO/C composites were characterized,and their glucose sensing properties were tested.The results showed that the NiO/C composites annealed at 400? have the best glucose sensing properties.The linear range of the composites was 5 ?M-4.1 mM with the sensitivity of 2918.201 ?A·mM-1 cm-2,and the detection limit was 0.92 ?M(S/N=3).In addition,the NiO/C composites annealed at 400? had good anti-interference ability to lysine,urea,L-leucine,ascorbic acid,L-valine,NaCl,L-glutamic acid and L-proline,and showed good results in real serum samples.The recovery rate was between 103%and 108.1%.The good glucose sensing performance of NiO/C composites may be due to its small particle size and synergistic effect with carbon material,which was conducive to electron transfer and enhances glucose sensing performance.(4)NiCo2O4/CSs composite microspheres were synthesized by a simple two-step hydrothermal method.The composition and morphology of NiCo2O4/CSs composites were characterized,and their glucose sensing properties were tested.The results show that the NiCo2O4/CSs modified electrode has good glucose sensing performance when the composite ratio was 1:5.The linear range of glucose detection was 2 uM-4 mM with the sensitivity was 591.306 ?A mM-1·cm-2,and the detection limit was 1.4 ?M(S/N=3).In addition,NiCo2O4/CSs had excellent selectivity and good application prospects in real serum samples detection.The recovery rate was between 94.2%and 97.6%.The improvement of electrocatalytic glucose oxidation on NiCo2O4/CSs composite at 1:5 composite may be due to the synergistic effect of NiCo2O4 and carbon spheres at the composite ratio of 1:5,which resulted in the greatest improvement of charge transfer efficiency.