| Cotton is an important economic crop in China.As the most important by-product of cotton,cottonseed is extremely rich in protein,oil,carbohydrates and vitamins.Cottonseed has a suitable proportion of amino acids,is a high-quality plant protein resource,and contains a variety of unsaturated fatty acids.It has great potential in edible oils and feed materials.The comprehensive utilization of cottonseed plays a reasonable role in feeding value,medical value and resources.In this study,the cottonseed samples from China's cotton producing areas were determined for the content of chemical components such as gossypol and amino acids,and the correlation between gossypol,protein and oil was analyzed to provide data support for the comprehensive development and utilization of cotton resources.Provide scientific basis for cotton by-products for specific target breeding of cottonseed protein and oil content.The main findings are as follows:1.The free gossypol was extracted from 310 cottonseed samples by absolute ethanol,and its content was determined by high performance liq?id chromatography.The results showed that the free gossypol content of the sample was from 0.49 mg/g to 12.79 mg/g,and the average content was from2.39 mg/g to 5 mg/g,the average free gossypol content of samples in Henan and Xinjiang was higher.2.305 cottonseed samples were selected,and OPA and FMOC combined with pre-column derivatization technology were used to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the amino acids in cottonseed by high performance liq?id chromatography.The 17 amino acids in cottonseed were determined.The results showed that:(1)The first three amino acids with a content greater than 30 mg/g are glutamic acid >arginine > aspartic acid,and the remaining amino acids are less than 30 mg/g,of which essential amino acids account for 29.6% and non-essential amino acids account for 70.4%.The main limiting amino acids of lysine and methionine as livestock and poultry are lower in cottonseed and higher in arginine,b?t there is antagonistic effect between arginine and lysine.(2)The correlation coefficient between alanine and tyrosine was the highest at P=0.01,which was 0.91.Tyrosine and phenylalanine were significantly correlated at P=0.01,and the correlation coefficient was 0.78.The amino acid is partially ingested in the body and converted to tyrosine by the action of hepatic phenylalanine hydroxylase;the correlation between each amino acid and the total amino acid is similar to the correlation between each amino acid and essential amino acid.(3)By clustering lysine,methionine,arginine and total amino acid content in 305 cottonseed samples,the samples were divided into five categories at a distance of 16,and 53 cottonseed samples of the second category.The content of amino acid is high,and the content of lysine,methionine and arginine is higher than that of the other four types,and it has broad development potential as a high-quality feed material.3.Correlation analysis of free gossypol and amino acids in 305 cottonseed samples showed a significant negative correlation between free gossypol content and cystine content at P=0.01,with acorrelation coefficient of 0.418.There is no correlation between aspartic acid,threonine and valine.4.Correlation analysis between free gossypol,amino acid and fatty acid in 82 cottonseed samples showed that there was no correlation between free gossypol content and amino acid content,fatty acid content and average oil yield,which means high quality.There is no significant relationship between quality cottonseed and toxic free gossypol content.When production and application,low phenol cotton varieties can be selected as feed materials preferentially;total amino acid content and average oil yield are significantly negatively correlated at P=0.01 level.High quality cottonseed with high protein and oil content. |
PDF Full Text Request