Preparation And Properties Of Environmentally-friendly Superabsorbent Polymer

With the widespread use of superabsorbent polymers?SAP?in various fields,the demand for SAP is also increasing.At present,the raw materials for preparing the superabsorbent polymers mainly include a natural polymer hydrophilic material,a synthetic polymer hydrophilic material,and a natural biomass and a synthetic polymer for graft copolymerization.The SAP prepared by the natural polymer material is poor in stability and biodegradable,the synthetic polymer material are expensive and non-renewable resources.The grafting and copolymerization of natural biomass and synthetic polymer takes into account the advantages of both.Prepared SAP not only reduces the cost of the synthetic polymer material,but also has better water absorption,water retention and biodegradability.At the same time,it improves its recyclability.Therefore,the waste biomass raw material is used,and the petrochemical product is used as a preparation monomer,such as acrylic acid?AA?,acrylamide?AM?,acrylonitrile?AN?,etc.,and the palygorskite clay?PGS?is added as a filler to prepare SAP which is inexpensive and environmentally friendly.The water absorption,water retention and thermal stability of SAP were investigated,and its practical applicability was evaluated by applying it to the seed germination and seedling growth of Artemisia desertorum.This article mainly includes the following three parts:1.SAP was prepared from waste biomass watermelon peel as raw material,acrylic acid?AA?and diacetone acrylamide?DAAM?as comonomers.The structure,morphology and thermodynamic properties was characterized by FTIR,SEM and TGA.The effects of different contents of monomer,crosslinker,initiator and filler on the water absorption of the material were investigated,and the preparation conditions of SAP were optimized.The results showed that the prepared material had excellent water absorption ratio?1350 g.g^-11 in distilled water?and salt tolerance?107.8 g.g^-11 in0.9%NaCl solution?,and the water retention and reusability were good.2.The seed germination and seedling growth experiments of Artemisia desertorum were assisted by laboratory-prepared WMP-P?AA-co-DAAM??SAP₁?,WMP-P?AA-co-DAAM?/PGS?SAP₂?and commercially available C and D?SAP₃ and SAP₄?.In this test,SAP was evaluated based on germination rate,germination potential,root length,shoot length,water consumption,biomass,water absorption,water retention and thermal stability.The results show that laboratory-prepared SAP has better water consumption,thermal stability,root length and shoot length than commercially available SAP.Therefore,laboratory-prepared SAP can promote the seed germination and seedling growth of Artemisia desertorum,and enhance the drought resistance of plants.At the same time,it can effectively reduce the amount of artificial irrigation and save water resources.3.Considering the change of surface temperature caused by rainfall,WMP is used as raw material,AA is monomer,comonomer N-isopropyl acrylamide?NIPAM?is introduced,and filler mPGS is added to prepare thermosensitive SAP?WMP-P?AA-co-NIPAM?/PGS?,characterized by FTIR,SEM and TGA for its surface morphology,structure and thermodynamic properties.The temperature sensitivity of the swelling material were verified by the difference of water absorption and light transmittance of swollen SAP measured by ultraviolet spectrophotometer?UV?at different temperatures.The results show that the prepared WMP-P?AA-co-NIPAM?/PGS has water absorption ratio of 348 g.g^-1and 279 g.g^-1at temperature of35?to 65?,respectively.Therefore,WMP-P?AA-co-NIPAM?/PGS is sensitive to temperatureand more suitable for ecological environment management.