| The rapid development of the economic society brings many ecological and environmental problems.The services provided by natural ecosystems are difficult to meet the needs of human beings in terms of quantity and quality.The spatial characteristics and spatial matching of the supply and demand of ecosystem services are the core and the hot topic research proposition,which can coordinate economic development and ecological protection.In the context of the relatively mature research on ecosystem service supply services,it is particularly important to scientifically assess the needs for ecosystem services and to propose an assessment of ecosystem services that is suitable for urban scale.This study proposes an ecosystem service demand analysis framework and a supply and demand space matching theory framework based on the vulnerability assessment of disaster-withstanding.The paper selects Zhuhai City,one of the first batch of special economic zones,as a case study area,and selects water conservation service,soil maintenance service,typhoon disaster prevention service that play an important role in regional ecological security maintenance for its frequent guilt,landslide,collapse,and typhoon disasters.Disaster prevention services are the subject of research.Based on the data of population density,frequency and loss of disasters,urbanization degree,etc.,the spatial heterogeneity of ecosystem service demand is described by using the vulnerability assessment of disaster-withstanding.The InVEST model is used to quantitatively analyze the supply potential of water conservation service and soil maintenance service.Identifying the vegetation growth stable zone represents an area that provides typhoon disaster prevention service.The matching situation of supply and demand space of various services on the basin scale is analyzed,and the spatial heterogeneity analysis of the integrated supply and demand of ecosystem services is carried out according to the types and levels of risk zones defined by ecosystem service supply and demand matching types and disaster types.The main conclusions of this study are as follows:(1)The sum area of low supply-high demand and high supply-low demand of the three services accounted for 54.96%,41.70% and 39.43%,respectively,indicating that the degree of imbalance between supply and demand may be soil maintenance service > typhoon disaster protection service > water conservation service.(2)Zhuhai City includes 18 risk zones,of which the area of comprehensive risk zone(including high-risk,intermediate-risk,low-risk and safety)accounts for 64.64%,indicating that the compatibility of the space matching of supply and demand of each service is relatively high.The imbalance between supply and demand is basically the same in space.The comprehensive low-risk risk zone has the widest area in all risk zones,accounting for 25.89%,indicating that low supply-low demand is the more common type in Zhuhai.Among different grades,the high-risk risk zone(including the comprehensive risk zone,the single and double-type disaster risk zone)accounted for 28.57%,and the comprehensive safety zone only accounted for 15.11%,indicating that the shortage of ecosystem service supply capacity caused the large risk of disaster.Based on the assessment framework of ecosystem service demand based on the vulnerability assessment of disaster-withstanding,it pays attention to the function of ecosystem service to mitigate disaster losses.It deepens the understanding of the relationship between ecosystem service demand and human preference.It enriches the research case of demand assessment.It provide the basis of land use management,disaster avoidance and urban construction. |
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