Preparation Of Nano-functional Materials Based On Fungal Hyphae For The Treatment Of Radioactive Wastewater

With the development of social economy,environmental pollution has increasingly become a global problem.The development and utilization of nuclear energy brings benefits to human beings as well as enormous disasters.The process of nuclear fuel production,reactor operation,nuclear fuel reprocessing,and uranium mining processes will cause serious pollution to the environment,especially to water bodies.It is extremely harmful of radioactive water pollution for its extensiveness,easy diffusion,long-term and difficult management.The large amount of radioactive waste water generated by nuclear power industry is still increasing year by year.Therefore,it is imperative for treat radioactive wastewater to protect the environment.However,it is still a problem faced by researchers that how to safely and effectively treat radioactive wastewater.This study used fungal hyphae as a template to prepare a series of high performance adsorbents,which were applied to the removal of radionuclides in simulated radioactive wastewater.The main conclusions are as follows:（1）a biological assembly method was used to fix carbon nanotubes（CNTs）onto fungal hyphae（FH）to prepare sphere FH/CNTs composite as a versatile adsorbent for water pollution control.Physico-chemical characterization results showed that FH/CNTs composites had a wire stacking surface morphology,showed a typical diffraction peak of CNTs,was rich in functional groups,and was negatively charged under pH 3 to 10.Results showed that the composites could efficiently remove U（Ⅵ）),CR and MV from solutions.For example,the maximum adsorption amounts of FH/CNTs composites for U（Ⅵ）,CR and MV reached 187.26,43.99 and 20.89 mg/g,respectively.Moreover,the composites could be easily separated after adsorption and efficiently reused.Thus FH was an efficient platform for the assembly of CNTs,and the as-prepared FH/CNTs composites had the potential application in water pollution control.（2）we chose fungus hypha as the skeleton,coated with a layer of two-dimensional graphene oxide sheets,and pyrolyzed as a fungal hyphae/graphene oxide aerogel for the application in uranium ions（U（Ⅵ））removal.The macroscopically light fungus hypha and the reduced graphene oxide aerogel had a three-dimensional structure with an excellent capability on U（Ⅵ）removal（288.42 mg/g）,attributed to its large specific surface area（894 m2/g）and abundant functional groups.In addition,the material also had a good recyclability through filtration and freeze-drying,respectively.We expected that the low cost and environmental-friendly aerogel would give some dominance in the field of the environment.（3）we developed FH-graphene-MoS₂ hybrid nanosheets which enabled efficient adsorption of radioactive ions through the photodegration of organics.In the hybrid material,graphene nanosheets coated FH nanoframes with considerable surface area serves as adsorption agent,together with the deposited MoS₂ nanosheets as photodegradation material.Moreover,photoelectrons produced by MoS ₂ further promoted the adsorption ability by reducing the U（Ⅵ）to U（Ⅳ）.In the treatment of wastewater which contains U（Ⅵ）and tannic acid（TA）under irradia tion,the MoS₂ in FH-graphene-MoS₂ hybrid nanosheets decomposed TA and thus reduces the occupation of adsorption sites,which greatly promoted the adsorption capacity of FH-graphene hybrid nanosheets for U（Ⅵ）.