| ObjectivePolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons?PAHs?are persistent organic pollutants which widely exist in the environment.It has effects of teratogenic,carcinogenic and mutagenic.In recent years,the condition of air quality in Beijing has been improved obviously,but the energy consumption,car exhaust and polluting enterprises in the surrounding areas led to the serious pollution of PAHs in the environment in Beijing.So,it is of great significance to study the exposure level of PAHs among the people in Beijing.In this research,the feasibility of combined detection of multiple hydroxy polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to indicate the pollution level of PAHs was explored;the exposure characteristics of PAHs among the people in typical areas of Beijing and the influence factors of OH-PAHs n human urine were grasped;the relationship between PAHs pollution in ambient air PM2.5 and internal load of OH-PAHs exposure in human body was analyzed;and the exposure level of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons?PAHs?in the dietary ways of ordinary residents in Beijing was estimated,which providing basic information for protecting the public health.MethodsFour typical areas in Beijing were chosen?Chaoyang district,Daxing district,Fangshan district and Miyun district?to study the pollution conditions of ambient air and indoor air in typical areas of Beijing,including PM2.5 concentration and PAHs concentration in ambient air.According to the regional with different functions in Beijing,the concentration and the change characteristics of OH-PAHs in urine among the people in typical areas of Beijing were studied according to four selected typical areas of Beijing.Then,according to the concentration of PAHs in ambient air PM2.5 and the concentration of OH-PAHs in human urine in four typical areas,the relationship between PAHs and its metabolites was analyzed,and the influence factors of the concentration of OH-PAHs in human urine were analyzed according to the questionnaire.ResultsAfter corrected by creatinine,the median levels of concentration of2-OHNap,1-OHNap,2-OHFul,OHPhe,1-OHPyryr,1-OHPyryr,6-OHChr in all human urine were 3.46±6.55?g/g Cr,3.65±6.49?g/g Cr?3.63±5.14?g/g Cr,1.36±2.63?g/g Cr,0.36±1.11?g/g Cr and 0.07±1.28?g/g Cr;the order of concentration of metabolite of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons is?OHNap>2-OHFul>?OHPhe>1-OHPyr>6-OHChr,and 2-OHNap,1-OHNap,2-OHFul,?OHPhe,1-OHPyr and 6-OHChr accounted for 27.65%,29.09%,28.92%,10.89%,2.87%and 0.58%of?OH-PAHs,respectively.The possibility of high concentration of 2-OHNap,1-OHNap,2-OHFul and1-OHPyr in urine of smokers was 7.61,1.17,2.14 and 2.04 times that of people who don't smoke according to the logistic regressive analysis.The possibility of high concentration of 2-OHNap and 1-OHNap in urine of man was 1.44 and1.30 times of that of female.When the level of age group increases one grade,the possibility of high concentration of 2-OHNap,1-OHNap,2-OHFul,1-OHPhe and 1-OHPyr increased by 0.20,0.17,0.12,0.18 and 0.14 times.Conclusions1.From the winter of 2016 to the winter of 2017,the pollution degree of PAHs in PM2.5 and PM2.5.5 of the ambient air has been reduced to some extent,but the pollution concentration is still high,which still needs further improvement.2.The correlation between PAHs in ambient air and OH-PAHs in urine indicates that PAHs exposure in ambient air has an effect on OH-PAHs load level in human urine.In addition,smoking,age and sex are the influencing factors of OH-PAHs concentration in urine.3.OH-PAHs have good correlation with?OHPAHs.2-OHNap,1-OHNap,2-OHFlu,?OHPhe,1-OHpyr and 6-OHChr can be used as biomarkers to reflect the internal exposure level of PAHs more truly.4.The dose level of naphthalene,fluorene and phenanthrene intake through digestive tract in typical areas of Beijing is lower than the reference dose of EPA in the United States;however,there are still a certain proportion of people at risk level,and there are potential health risks,which should be paid attention to. |
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