Research On Ultrasonic Composite Abrasive Vibration Polishing Technology

In the aerospace,optical instrumentation and biomedical fields,surface quality requirements for critical parts requiring precision machining are increasing.The manual polishing method has a long processing cycle and low efficiency.The ultrasonic polishing method has certain limitations on the special-shaped curved surface polishing.This paper proposes an ultrasonic composite abrasive vibration polishing technology to study a highquality,high-efficiency and low-cost processing method.Firstly,the principle of material surface removal under the action of ultrasonic composite abrasive vibration polishing is analyzed.The expressions of displacement and stress under the action of the concentrated force and the average distributed force in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the workpiece are obtained.Secondly,the displacement,velocity and acceleration curves of the mechanical vibration part of the equipment are simulated by ADAMS software.Static analysis of the crankshaftlinkage-piston mechanism is performed using ANSYS Workbench software to simulate the crankshaft.It is found that the designed mechanism meets the design requirements.The material removal mechanism of the polishing process is studied by combining HyperWorks and ANSYS LS-DYNA software.Models such as spheres,cones and wedges are established.The structure and stress changes of different shapes of abrasive grains impacted by ultrasonic polishing and ultrasonic composite abrasive vibration polishing are obtained.It is found that the surface of the workpiece under the action of the latter is more efficient.The orthogonal test is used to analyze the significance of ultrasonic frequency,abrasive concentration and polishing time on the roughness and material removal of the workpiece surface under ultrasonic polishing.The influence of these three experimental factors on the polishing quality of the workpiece surface is analyzed by single factor experiment.Finally,the effects of ultrasonic and motor frequency,abrasive concentration and polishing time on the roughness and material removal of the workpiece surface are analyzed by orthogonal experiment.Comparing the improvement of surface roughness and material removal under ultrasonic polishing technology and ultrasonic composite polishing technology,it is found that the surface roughness of the polished workpiece is reduced by 34.87%~36.22%.