Study On The Modification Of Basalt Fiber And Forming Technology Of It Reinforced Unsaturated Polyester Resin

Basalt fiber is a new type of green fiber material with wide distribution of natural basalt rock as the main raw material,and less pollution emission in the production process.It has been widely concerned by all parties because of its excellent physical,chemical and mechanical properties.It is one of the key development high performance fibers in China at present.Because the basalt fiber is formed by the high temperature melting drawing,the existence of tension creates a smooth surface,and the inorganic ore composition of fiber cannot be better combined with polymer materials.At the same time,there are convinced differences in the composition of basalt are caused by different volcanic eruptions,which will lead to the difference of fiber properties,which make the selection of raw materials of basalt fibers limited.These above factors also limit the development and popularization of basalt fibers.The progress of resin matrix composites can be traced back to the Second World War.Nowadays,it has wide range of applications and excellent performance.Composites address the issue of the single-phase material in the use of performance cannot meet the need.During the composite process,there are also some additional performance characteristics which the single-phase materials do not possess.The combination of various materials not only improves utilization of materials,but also improves the performance of composite products.This paper focusses on the surface modification of basalt fiber.The effects of diatomite and silica carbon black when used as modification particles are compared,and the final selection is silica carbon black particles after ball grinding treatment.Silica carbon black is modified by silane coupling agent,and the suspension is ready to finish the adhesion treatment of the fiber surface.Through fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),scanning electron microscope(SEM),contact angle measuring instrument and other equipment,morphological characterization analysis of modified basalt fiber is carried out.The fiber itself is free of damage,the surface roughness is increased,and the infiltration of fiber is improved.At the same time,the high activity biocarbon composition in silica carbon black has good compatibility with the resin material,which is helpful to improve the interface between fiber and resin.Through the design of orthogonal experiments,the effects of the pressure,precoagulation time and temperature factors on mechanical properties of unidirectional basalt fiber reinforced unsaturated polyester resin(BF-UPR)composites were investigated,and it was concluded that the effect of pre-coagulation time on the bending and impact properties of mechanical properties was the most significant.The effect of molding temperature on bending performance is significant,and the effect of pressure on performance is not obvious.By comparing the difference of mechanical properties between modified and unmodified basalt fibers under different fiber content,it is concluded that the tensile,bending and impact properties of composites have increased in a specified range of content,when the fiber content is increased.After modification,the tensile strength of basalt fibers increased by up to 21%,the bending strength increased by 19%,and the impact strength increased by about 8%.The impact section characterization of basalt fiber composites shows that the combination of fiber and resin becomes better after modified treatment.The basalt fiber was tried to produce the automobile diversion dome with the help of vacuum assisted RTM molding equipment,and the difference of mechanical properties with different filling plan was compared.The modified treated basalt fiber cloth has better mechanical properties than the basalt fiber scheme without modified treatment,and the impact and tensile performance of basalt fiber cloth scheme is better than that of pure glass fiber felt enhancement scheme.The flexural strength of carbon fiber composites is superior,and its tensile properties are between modified and unmodified basalt fiber composites,and the impact performance is lower than that of basalt fiber composites,but better than that of glass fiber felt composites.The laying method of the double-layer basalt fiber with glass fiber felt as the middle layer support,can get better mechanical properties than the enhancement scheme of two basalt fiber layers laying on the outer surface.At the same time,comparing the properties of composite products with the same fiber layer and different thickness,it is concluded that when the thickness decreases,the response amplitude of each mechanical property is different.The reduction of mechanical properties should be guaranteed within a reasonable range when controlling the thickness of the product.