| Bioaerosols have important influences on infectious diseases,public health,ecological environment and climate change.In recent years,the long-term abuse and overuse of antibiotics which led to the increase of airborne bacterial resistance and super bacteria caused a significant threat to human health.Therefore,it is of great significance to fully understand the distribution characteristics of airborne antibioticresistant bacteria under different environments.In this study,culturable bacteria,erythromycin-resistant bacteria,tetracycline-resistant bacteria,ciprofloxacin-resistant bacteria and ampicillin-resistant bacteria aerosols are taken as the research objects,and a six-stage impactor device is used.Concentration and size distribution characteristics of culturable bacteria and four kinds of antibiotic-resistant bacteria aerosols in the atmosphere environment of Xinxiang,human average respiratory height and the indoor environment of the hospital are explored,respectively.Statistical analysis is conducted of the correlation between the culturable bioaerosols in different environments and the meteorological factors such as temperature,humidity,and PM2.5.Moreover,the non-carcinogenic exposure risk of culturable bacteria aerosol is evaluated,which provides a reference for the control of antibiotic-resistant bacteria aerosol.1.In the atmosphere environment of Xinxiang,the proportion of erythromycin-resistant bacteria,tetracycline-resistant bacteria,ciprofloxacin-resistant bacteria and ampicillin-resistant bacteria aerosols in total culturable bioaerosols was 51.2%-63.1%,45.9%-64.9%,53.8%-68.1% and 50.0%-63.9%,respectively.The lowest concentration of culturable bacteria and these four kinds of antibiotic-resistant bacteria aerosols appeared in summer,and the relatively high concentration appeared in autumn and winter.With the deterioration of air quality,the concentration increased first and then decreased,and the peak value appeared in moderate pollution(concentration of the culturable bacteria aerosol was 6673±6242 CFU/m3).The concentration of culturable bioaerosol at noon were slightly lower than that in the morning and evening during the diurnal variation.The diameter of culturable bacteria and four kinds of antibiotic-resistant bacteria aerosols were mainly distributed at Stage IV and Stage V(1.1-3.3 ?m)(except for summer and excellent weather),and accounted for 52.6%-64.2%,56.2%-72.2%,59.1%-69.3%,53.2%-62.1%,and 55.8%-69.5% in total culturable bioaerosols,respectively.Concentration of NO2 was the major factor affecting the concentration of bioaerosol,and meteorological factors can significantly affect the median diameter.The non-carcinogenic exposure risk of culturable bioaerosol was small,the hazard index of children through skin exposure pathways was highest,and the hazard index of adult males through respiratory pathways was greatest.2.The concentration of culturable bacteria,erythromycin-resistant bacteria,tetracycline-resistant bacteria,ciprofloxacin-resistant bacteria and ampicillin-resistant bacteria aerosol in human average respiratory height with crowded population was slightly higher than that with sparse population,and the concentration ranged from 2998 to 3337 CFU/m3,from 1577 to 1771 CFU/m3,from 1563 to 1769 CFU/m3,from 1626 to 1686 CFU/m3 and from 1681 to 1760 CFU/m3,respectively.The diameter of culturable bioaerosols were mainly distributed at Stage IV and Stage V(1.1-3.3 ?m),and accounted for 51.8%-56.2%,55.3%-60.5%,59.3%-62.5%,55.7%-57.4% and 57.2%-59.0%,respectively in the total culturable bioaerosols.Human activities were the major factors affecting the distribution of culturable bacteria and four kinds of antibiotic-resistant bacteria aerosols in human average respiratory height.The non-carcinogenic exposure risk of culturable bioaerosol was small,and the hazard index measured at densely populated areas was slightly higher than that at sparse populated areas.3.In the indoor environment of the hospital,the concentration of culturable bacteria and four kinds of antibiotic-resistant bacteria aerosols in transfusion room were slightly higher than that in the hall and outside,and the diameter were mainly distributed at Stage IV and Stage V(1.1-3.3 ?m).In transfusion room,the proportion of erythromycin-resistant bacteria,tetracycline-resistant bacteria,ciprofloxacin-resistant bacteria and ampicillin-resistant bacteria aerosols in the total culturable bioaerosol were 61.2 %±12.1%,55.8%±13.5%,69.8%±14.4%,56.6%±9.8%,respectively,which were slightly higher than that in the hall and outside.Outdoor meteorological factors had a great influence on the distribution of culturable bacteria and four kinds of antibiotic-resistant bacteria aerosols in transfusion room.The non-carcinogenic exposure risk of culturable bioaerosol was small,and the hazard index measured in transfusion room was greater than that in the hall and outside. |
PDF Full Text Request