| Waste oil is one of the environmental pollutants,it includes animal oil and vegetable oil which can not be used in production and daily life and it has a wide variety,gutter oil is a typical representative.If not handled properly,it will cause a serious of harm to the ecological environment and human health.In this paper,the waste soybean oil was used as raw material for epoxidation,ring-opening polymerization to produce soybean oil polyols,and the slow release fertilizer was carried out according to the characteristics of polyols.The purpose of this paper is to explore and provide data support for the comprehensive utilization of waste oil.According to the experiment,conclusions could be gain as follows:?1?Using soybean oil as raw material,epoxidation of soybean oil was carried out by peroxic acid catalytic method,and the conditions for the synthesis of epoxy soybean oil were explored in order to obtain the intermediate product with high epoxy equivalent.Through a series of comparative experiments,the effects of epoxidation reaction time,the amount of oxygen donor hydrogen peroxide and formic acid on the epoxidation of soybean oil were discussed,as well as the influence of different factors on the epoxidation of soybean oil.The optimum experimental conditions were obtained by analysis and comparison.The epoxide value of epoxy soybean oil synthesized under this condition is 0.380mol/100g-1.The structure of product was deduced by the analysis of infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic hydrogen spectroscopy.?2?The traditional synthesis method of soybean oil polyol have the demerit of time cost long,reaction temperature high,and requires addition of other solvent.In this paper,the method was been optimized and improved.In order to make it simpler and easier,more energy-saving and environment-friendly.Three kinds of epoxy soybean oil?ESO?oligomer polyols with different hydroxyl values,were synthesized by ring opening of epoxy soybean oil which was made from wasted soybean oil.The ring-opening reaction of ESO with different alcohols such as isopropanol,n-butanol and n-pentanol was carried out in presence of tetrafluorobric acid as a catalyst at room temperature and without solvent added.The improved method is rapid whose reaction time is not more than 1 minute,and the hydroxyl value of the product is flexible and controllable which is up to 406mg/KOH.The conversion rate of epoxy soybean oil reached95.5%.?3?Using fluoroboric acid as catalyst,the optimum reaction temperature of ESO and ethanolamine is determined as 100?,the reaction time is 12 h and 6 h,respectively,the amount of catalyst was 5%and 3%,respectively.Under these conditions,alcohol-amine polyols with different hydroxyl values were prepared by changing the ratio of the two.The structure and properties of polyols were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetry.The results show that the product has good thermal stability and can be used in polyurethane and other industries.?4?The mono-alcohols and alcohol-amine polyols oligomers were characterized and analyzed.Four kinds of polyols with good properties were screened out for slow release fertilizer,and the membrane structure and film forming mechanism of coated urea were analyzed.The results showed that the membranes of coated rea were made of solid particles tightly connected each other through liquid glue.Research of the infrared spectra of membrane,has proved that O-H on the solid surface was bonded with the liquid glue,thus forming membrane and keeping it stable.four kinds of coated fertilizer whose initial dissolution rate and differential dissolution rates were determined,respectively.Its indicated that coated fertilizer of ESO oligomer have a good slow-release properties. |
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