Thermal Error Control Technology For Precision Parts Of Machine Tool Based On Thermal Deformation Balance Principle

Deformation balance principle based on the two materials with different coefficient of thermal expansion is a novel compensation method of thermal deformation.The compensation system of thermal deformation based on deformation balance principle can be applied for pate structure and cylinder shell structure,which has good application prospect and technology advancement.Although there are amount of compensation themes and devices of thermal deformation for precision instrument and machine,the applications of these themes and devices are limited in some specific range of application by their own feature.Focused on the disadvantage of current compensation technology of thermal deformation,this thesis suggests and conceptualizes the deformation balance principle,then the energy equivalent model is built for embodying this principle.Moreover,this principle is generalized to two governing equations which can be applied for plate structure and cylinder shell structure.For solving the thermal deformation of Z slide of motor spindle in machine tools,the structure and heat transfer mechanism of Z slide are studied,and the compensation system of thermal deformation is also designed.According to the non-uniform temperature field of compensation system,the shape of heat transfer channel is designed by topology technology to improve the uniformity of temperature filed.For reducing the huge thermal deformation of motor spindle,the structure and heat transfer mechanism of motor spindle are studied,and the compensation system is also designed.The size optimization of CFRP bar is used to reduce the volume of CFRP bar in the compensation system.The results of the verification experiments show that the thermal deformation of Z-slide is reduced 98%,from 78.8 ?m to 1.44 ?m by using compensation system of thermal deformation.Meanwhile the heat transfer channel designed by topology optimization technology reduce the 12.5% temperature standard deviation.The compensation system of thermal deformation which is used in cylinder shell structure,can reduce 98% axial thermal deformation,form 232 ?m to 5 ?m.Meanwhile,the result of size optimization of CFRP bar shows that the 50% volume of CFRP bar in the original design also achieve the design requirement.The research results in this thesis prove the validity of deformation balance principle and the effectiveness of the compensation system of thermal deformation.