Study On Ractopamine Electrochemical Sensor Based On Carbon-based Material

?-agonists is adrenaline hormone drugs and is made of artificial.Commonly main have ractopamine?RAC?,salbutamol,clenbuterol,tepulin and other compounds.RAC has a significant effect on the treatment of congestive heart failure and muscle atrophy,and plays an important role in promoting muscle growth,reducing fat accumulation,and protein synthesis.As a result,many businesses in the livestock and aquaculture industries use RAC as a nutritional supplement to make high profits.however,RAC is hormonal drugs,when it is given to animals at dose 4-9 times higher than clinical levels,not only it can reduce fat levels and increase muscle mass,but also some side effects have also been discovered.acute food poisoning occurs when consumers consume foods that contain such drug residues,posing a great threat to human health.there have been cases of clenbuterol poisoning in many countries,including Spain,some European countries and China.therefore,in the European Union countries,the United States,China and other countries have been banned as animal growth promoters and feed additives.however,RAC as a lean meat substance is still illegally used for animal breeding,increasing animal growth rate and lean meat rate.therefore,in view of the importance of food safety,it is of great practical significance to develop an efficient,rapid and sensitive detection technology to detect residual RAC in animal tissues.the main contents of this paper are as follows:?1?Carboxylated carbon nanotubes?CNTs?were obtained by potassium permanganate oxidation method.ordered mesoporous carbon?OMC?was synthesized by hard template method.by means of ultrasonic dispersion,CNTs and OMC were dispersed in DMF at a volume ratio of 3:1 to obtain a composite carbon nanomaterial?OMC-CNTs?,and the sensitive material was used to modify glassy carbon electrode?GCE?to obtained Nafion/OMC-CNTs/GCE sensor.Studies have shown that compared with CNTs/GCE and OMC/GCE,GCE modified with OMC@CNTs exhibited a higher electrochemical response to RAC.the modified electrode was placed in a BR buffer system of pH=6.5,and the RAC was quantitatively analyzed by cyclic voltammetry?CV?and differential pulse voltammetry?DPV?,respectively.the peak current intensity of the DPV response is proportional to the concentration of RAC between 4?M and 120?M with a detection limit of 0.0183?M.in addition,the Nafion/OMC@CNTs/GCE sensor demonstrates good selectivity and stability for quantitative analysis of RAC,and the sensor has achieved good results in the actual sample detection.?2?On the basis of Murphy's method,copper pentahydrate sulfate?CuSO4·5H2O?was reduced with hydrazine solution,and Cu₂O was obtained.Porous graphene?PGR?was synthesized by hydrothermal method.the Cu₂O and PGR composites were successfully prepared by ultrasound-assisted method.the surface of GCE was modified with Cu₂O@PGR composites by the method of drop coating,the Nafion/Cu₂O@PGR/GCE electrochemical sensor was obtained for detecting RAC.the surface morphology and microstructure of the composite Cu₂O@PGR were characterized by SEM.the analytical performance of the sensor for RAC was evaluated by CV and DPV in phosphate buffer?PBS,pH=7.0?.Moreover,the concentration of RAC between 6?M and 40?M and between 40?M and 120?M is positively correlated with the peak current of DPV response,and the corresponding linear equations are Ip??A?=1.27c??M?+81.83?R²=0.996?,Ip??A?=0.67c??M?+106.34?R²=0.998?.the Nafion/Cu₂O@PGR/GCE sensor shows high sensitivity in detecting RAC.