Ecosystem Service Value Assessment Of National Nature Reserves In Guizhou Province

Nature reserve is an important carrier of national ecological civilization and the construction of beautiful China.It is an important guarantee of national ecological security.It has abundant biological resources and is an important component of natural ecosystem.It plays an important role in water conservation,soil conservation,wind and sand control,climate regulation and biodiversity protection.Taking Caohai,Fanjingshan in Tongren and Maolan Nature Reserve in Weining as research objects,this paper used remote sensing(RS)and geographic information system(GIS)technology,based on Landsat series images,meteorological data and soil data,and combines slope and lithology data with frequency analysis method and expert consultation method to construct an ecosystem service value evaluation system in Karst area.On this basis,the ecosystem service value of the study area in 1990 and 2017 was assessed,and the differences of forest ecosystem service function between non-karst and karst regions were compared.The similarities and heterogeneities of wetland ecosystem and forest ecosystem service value in karst region were analyzed.This paper discussed the protection effect of these nature reserves in the past 30 years,and provided a reference for the further study and evaluation of ecosystem service value of nature reserves in Karst areas,as well as for how to effectively carry out surface restoration processes such as karst restoration areas and rocky desertification control.The conclusions are as follows:(1)According to the analysis of land use data in the past 30 years,the area of dominant land use types in the study area has increased,and the ecological environment tends to improve.(2)Based on the ecosystem service function,the ecosystem service value evaluation system of Guizhou Nature Reserve was constructed by market value method,alternative engineering method and carbon tax method.The total value of ecosystem services in Caohai,Fanjingshan and Maolan Nature Reserves in 1990 was 140.6607 million yuan,3326.955 million yuan and 1437.495 million yuan,respectively.The total value of ecosystem services in 2017 was 140.727 million yuan,3498.175 million yuan and 1564.777 million yuan,respectively.Over the past three decades,the total value of ecosystem services in the three nature reserves has increased by 66.8thousand yuan,17.121996 million yuan and 12.738 million yuan,respectively.(3)The value of ecosystem services per unit area of Caohai,Fanjingshan and Maolan Nature Reserves in 1990 was14.01 thousand yuan/hm~2,77.6 thousand yuan/hm~2 and 69.1thousand yuan/hm~2,respectively.In 2017,the value of ecosystem services per unit area was 14.1 thousand yuan/hm~2,81.6 thousand yuan/hm~2 and 75.2 thousand yuan/hm~2,respectively.(4)By grading the ecosystem service value of the three nature reserves:Caohai,Fanjingshan and Maolan,the grade of Caohai Nature Reserve in 1990 and 2017 is Grade III.The Grade of Maolan Nature Reserve has been raised from Grade II in 1990 to Grade I in 2017.The Grade of Fanjingshan Nature Reserve in 1990 and 2017 is Grade I.